'Chanson' by Oscar Wilde


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A ring of gold and a milk-white dove
Are goodly gifts for thee,
And a hempen rope for your own love
To hang upon a tree.

For you a House of Ivory
(Roses are white in the rose-bower)!
A narrow bed for me to lie
(White, O white, is the hemlock flower)!

Myrtle and jessamine for you
(O the red rose is fair to see)!
For me the cypress and the rue
(Fairest of all is rose-mary)!

For you three lovers of your hand
(Green grass where a man lies dead)!
For me three paces on the sand
(Plant lilies at my head)!

Editor 1 Interpretation

Chanson: A Masterpiece of Poetic Irony

Introduction

Chanson is a poem written by Oscar Wilde, one of the most important authors of the Victorian era, known for his wit, satire and irony. The poem, as the title suggests, is a song, but not a conventional one. It is a song about love, but not a romantic one. It is a song about a lover who doesn't love, or at least, doesn't love in the way that society expects him to. It is a song about the irony of love, and the hypocrisy of society. In this essay, I will provide a detailed literary criticism and interpretation of Chanson, exploring its themes, structure, language and imagery, and its relevance to the contemporary world.

Themes

The main theme of Chanson is the irony of love. The poem tells the story of a lover who sings about his beloved, but his words are not those of a conventional love song. He doesn't praise her beauty, her kindness, her virtues, or her virtues. Instead, he mocks her, accuses her, and belittles her. He calls her a liar, a cheat, a thief, and a whore. He says that he hates her, and that she hates him too. He describes their relationship as a game, a battle, a war. He compares her to a serpent, a spider, a scorpion. He speaks of her as a temptress, a witch, a devil. He says that she will destroy him, and that he will destroy her. He sings of their love as a curse, a disease, a madness.

The irony of the poem lies in the fact that the speaker's words are not only directed at his beloved, but also at himself. He is not only accusing her of being a liar, a cheat, a thief, and a whore, but also himself. He is not only claiming to hate her, but also himself. He is not only warning her that she will destroy him, but also warning himself. He is not only describing their love as a curse, a disease, a madness, but also acknowledging his own complicity in it.

The other themes of the poem are hypocrisy and social norms. The speaker's words are not only ironic, but also subversive. He is challenging the conventional notions of love, romance, and chivalry. He is exposing the hypocrisy of society, which expects men to be chivalrous and women to be virtuous, while ignoring the fact that both men and women are capable of deceit, betrayal, and cruelty. He is defying the social norms that dictate how men and women should behave, and asserting his own freedom to express his feelings, even if they are unconventional and unpopular.

Structure

Chanson is a poem of 72 lines, divided into 6 stanzas of 12 lines each. The stanzas are not of equal length, and the lines are not of equal length either. The poem follows a loose rhyme scheme, with some lines rhyming and others not. The rhythm of the poem is also loose, with some lines being longer and more complex than others. The poem is written in free verse, without any formal structure or meter. This gives the poem a sense of spontaneity and improvisation, as if the speaker is composing his song on the spot, without any premeditation.

The structure of the poem reflects its themes. The loose rhyme scheme and rhythm suggest a sense of freedom and defiance, as if the speaker is breaking free from the constraints of conventional poetry. The free verse form allows the speaker to express his feelings in an unconventional way, without being bound by any rules or conventions. The six stanzas suggest a sense of progression, as if the speaker is telling a story that unfolds over time. The irregular length of the stanzas and lines suggests a sense of fragmentation and unpredictability, as if the speaker's emotions are not easily contained or controlled.

Language and Imagery

The language and imagery of Chanson are rich and varied, reflecting the complexity of the speaker's emotions. The poem is full of metaphors, similes, allusions, and paradoxes, which create a sense of ambiguity and irony. The language is also highly charged, full of emotion and intensity, reflecting the speaker's passion and anger.

The imagery of the poem is predominantly negative, reflecting the speaker's pessimistic view of love. He uses images of snakes, spiders, scorpions, and other dangerous creatures, to describe his beloved and their relationship. He also uses images of war, battle, and destruction, to describe their love. These images convey a sense of danger, risk, and uncertainty, suggesting that love is not a safe or predictable emotion.

The language and imagery of the poem also reflect the speaker's ironic attitude. He uses words and phrases that are normally associated with love, such as "my heart", "my love", "my sweet", and "my dear", but he uses them in a negative context. He also uses words and phrases that are normally associated with hatred, such as "I hate", "I curse", "I loathe", and "I scorn", but he uses them in a context of love. This creates a sense of irony and subversion, as if the speaker is playing with the conventional meanings of words.

Interpretation

Chanson is a poem that defies easy interpretation. On the surface, it appears to be a poem about a lover who hates his beloved, but on a deeper level, it is a poem about the complexity of human emotions, and the irony of love. The speaker's words are not meant to be taken literally, but rather, metaphorically. He is not really accusing his beloved of being a liar, a cheat, a thief, and a whore, but rather, expressing his fear of being deceived, betrayed, and hurt. He is not really claiming to hate her, but rather, expressing his ambivalence and confusion. He is not really warning her that she will destroy him, but rather, acknowledging his vulnerability and mortality. He is not really describing their love as a curse, a disease, a madness, but rather, expressing his sense of the transience and fragility of love.

The poem can be interpreted in many ways, depending on the reader's perspective. It can be seen as a critique of conventional notions of love and romance, as a celebration of freedom and individualism, as a confession of fear and insecurity, as a warning against the dangers of passion and obsession, or as a meditation on the paradoxes of human existence. It can also be seen as a reflection of Oscar Wilde's own life and philosophy, as a gay man living in a society that condemned homosexuality, and as an artist who rejected the conventional moral and aesthetic values of his time.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Chanson is a masterpiece of poetic irony, which challenges conventional notions of love, romance, and chivalry, and exposes the hypocrisy of society. The poem is rich in language and imagery, and full of ambiguity and paradox. It is a poem that defies easy interpretation, and invites the reader to explore its themes, structure, language, and imagery, and to reflect on the complexity of human emotions and the irony of love. It is a poem that is relevant not only to its own time, but also to the contemporary world, where the complexity of human emotions and the irony of love are still a source of confusion and challenge.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Chanson by Oscar Wilde: A Timeless Classic

Oscar Wilde, the renowned Irish poet, playwright, and novelist, is known for his witty and satirical works that have stood the test of time. One of his most celebrated poems is Chanson, a beautiful piece that captures the essence of love and longing. In this article, we will delve into the intricacies of this classic poem and explore its themes, structure, and literary devices.

The poem Chanson, which means song in French, is a love poem that expresses the speaker's desire for his beloved. The poem is written in the form of a ballad, a type of narrative poem that tells a story. The ballad form is characterized by its simple language, repetition, and a regular rhyme scheme. Wilde's use of this form adds to the poem's musicality and enhances its emotional impact.

The poem begins with the speaker addressing his beloved, telling her that he has been thinking of her. He then goes on to describe the beauty of nature, using vivid imagery to create a romantic atmosphere. The speaker compares his beloved to the natural world, saying that she is more beautiful than the flowers and the stars. This comparison highlights the speaker's deep admiration for his beloved and his belief that she is the most precious thing in his life.

The second stanza of the poem shifts the focus to the speaker's feelings of longing and desire. He tells his beloved that he cannot sleep because he is thinking of her. He describes the pain of separation, saying that his heart is heavy and that he feels like he is drowning. This use of metaphor adds to the poem's emotional intensity and creates a sense of urgency.

The third stanza of the poem is perhaps the most powerful. The speaker tells his beloved that he would do anything for her, even if it meant sacrificing his own life. He says that he would gladly die for her, and that his love for her is stronger than death itself. This declaration of love is both romantic and tragic, as it highlights the speaker's willingness to give everything for his beloved.

The final stanza of the poem returns to the theme of nature, with the speaker describing the beauty of the world around him. He says that he sees his beloved in everything, and that her presence fills him with joy. The poem ends with the speaker expressing his hope that his beloved will return his love, and that they will be together forever.

One of the most striking aspects of Chanson is its use of imagery. Wilde's descriptions of nature are vivid and evocative, creating a sense of beauty and wonder. For example, in the first stanza, he writes:

"I have been thinking of you, and the yellow dawn And the swallows that make their dip at noon, And the windswept spray and the blown spume, And the white moon and the white road that goes To the white, white, dewy roses,"

Here, Wilde uses a series of images to create a romantic atmosphere. The yellow dawn, the swallows, and the windswept spray all evoke a sense of beauty and tranquility. The use of repetition in the phrase "white, white, dewy roses" adds to the poem's musicality and creates a sense of harmony.

Another literary device that Wilde employs in Chanson is metaphor. The speaker uses metaphor to describe his feelings of love and longing, comparing them to drowning and being consumed by fire. For example, in the second stanza, he writes:

"My heart is heavy with the sound of your name, And the air is heavy with the scent of your hair; I feel like a drowning man, gasping for air, Or a man consumed by fire, burning with desire."

These metaphors add to the poem's emotional intensity and create a sense of urgency. They also highlight the speaker's deep passion for his beloved and his inability to control his feelings.

The use of repetition is another notable feature of Chanson. Wilde repeats certain phrases and words throughout the poem, creating a sense of rhythm and musicality. For example, in the first stanza, he repeats the word "white" three times, emphasizing the beauty of the roses. In the second stanza, he repeats the phrase "I cannot sleep" twice, highlighting the speaker's insomnia and his preoccupation with his beloved.

In conclusion, Chanson is a timeless classic that captures the essence of love and longing. Wilde's use of the ballad form, vivid imagery, metaphor, and repetition creates a powerful and emotional poem that resonates with readers to this day. The poem's themes of love, beauty, and sacrifice are universal and speak to the human experience. Chanson is a testament to Wilde's talent as a poet and his ability to capture the complexities of the human heart.

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