'Who saw no Sunrise cannot say' by Emily Dickinson


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Who saw no Sunrise cannot say
The Countenance 'twould be.
Who guess at seeing, guess at loss
Of the Ability.

The Emigrant of Light, it is
Afflicted for the Day.
The Blindness that beheld and blest—
And could not find its Eye.

Edited by Peter Carter

Editor 1 Interpretation

"Who saw no Sunrise cannot say": A Literary Criticism and Interpretation of Emily Dickinson's Poem

Emily Dickinson is one of the most beloved and enigmatic poets of all time. Her work is known for its use of unconventional syntax, her love of dashes and slant rhyme, and her fascination with themes of death, nature, and the divine. Among her many poems, "Who saw no Sunrise cannot say" stands out as a poignant meditation on the beauty and wonder of the natural world, and the importance of seizing the day.

Overview of the Poem

The poem is composed of six stanzas, each consisting of two rhyming couplets. It is a short, simple poem, but one that packs a powerful punch. The central theme of the poem is the idea that to truly appreciate the beauty and mystery of the natural world, one must be present and attentive to it. The speaker asserts that those who have not had the opportunity to witness a sunrise cannot truly understand its glory, likening it to the experience of witnessing a miracle or revelation.

Analysis of the Poem

The poem opens with the stark assertion, "Who saw no Sunrise cannot say," immediately setting up the central premise of the poem: that only those who have witnessed a sunrise can truly appreciate its beauty and significance. The use of the word "who" suggests that the speaker is addressing a specific audience, perhaps those who have not yet had the opportunity to witness a sunrise themselves.

The second stanza builds on this idea, describing the "unhoused Despair" of those who have not seen a sunrise. The use of the word "unhoused" is particularly striking, suggesting a sense of homelessness or displacement. The speaker is suggesting that those who have not experienced the beauty of nature are missing out on an essential part of the human experience, and are therefore somehow "unhoused" or disconnected from the world around them.

The third stanza introduces the image of the sun itself, describing it as a "sable Tent" that rises in the sky. The use of the word "sable" is interesting, as it suggests both darkness and mourning, and yet it is used here to describe something that is ultimately life-giving and joyous.

The fourth stanza continues to develop this image, describing how the sun rises "in victory" and fills the sky with light. The use of the word "victory" is significant, suggesting that the sun is engaged in some kind of struggle or battle. This could be interpreted as a metaphor for the struggle between light and darkness, or between life and death, themes that are central to much of Dickinson's work.

The fifth stanza returns to the idea of the speaker's audience, asking "Dare any say he breathed it / Until he breathed no more?" Here, the speaker is challenging those who have not yet witnessed a sunrise to question whether they truly know what it means to be alive. The use of the word "dare" suggests that the speaker believes it takes courage to truly live, and that those who do not take advantage of the opportunities that life presents are somehow lacking in this quality.

The final stanza of the poem brings together many of the themes and images that have been developed throughout. The speaker describes the sun as a "Patriarch" who "rejoiced" in his victory, and suggests that his triumph is something that can be shared by all who witness it. The use of the word "Patriarch" is interesting, as it suggests both a sense of authority and power, and yet also a sense of warmth and familiarity. The speaker is suggesting that the sun is not just a distant, abstract concept, but something that has a very real and personal impact on our lives.

Interpretation of the Poem

At its heart, "Who saw no Sunrise cannot say" is a celebration of life and the beauty of the natural world. The poem suggests that to truly appreciate the wonder of existence, one must be present and attentive to the world around them. The sunrise is used as a metaphor for this experience, suggesting that it is a moment of revelation and epiphany that can transform our understanding of the world.

The poem also contains many of the themes and motifs that are central to much of Dickinson's work. The struggle between light and darkness, the tension between life and death, and the beauty and mystery of the natural world are all recurring themes in her poetry. In "Who saw no Sunrise cannot say," these themes are woven together to create a powerful meditation on the human experience.

Conclusion

In conclusion, "Who saw no Sunrise cannot say" is a beautiful and thought-provoking poem that encourages us to appreciate the beauty and wonder of the world around us. Through the use of vivid imagery and powerful metaphors, Emily Dickinson invites us to see the sunrise as a moment of revelation and transformation, a moment that can help us to better understand our place in the world. Whether we have witnessed a sunrise or not, this poem reminds us of the importance of being present and attentive to the world around us, and of the beauty and meaning that can be found in even the most ordinary moments of existence.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Who Saw No Sunrise Cannot Say: An Analysis of Emily Dickinson’s Classic Poem

Emily Dickinson is one of the most celebrated poets in American literature, known for her unique style and unconventional themes. Her poem, “Who saw no Sunrise cannot say,” is a classic example of her work, exploring the idea of the beauty of nature and the importance of experiencing it firsthand. In this analysis, we will delve into the meaning and significance of this poem, exploring its themes, structure, and language.

The poem begins with the line, “Who saw no Sunrise cannot say,” immediately setting the tone for the rest of the piece. The speaker is suggesting that those who have not witnessed the beauty of a sunrise cannot truly understand or appreciate it. This idea is reinforced in the second line, “The light, upon the hills,” which emphasizes the visual aspect of the sunrise and its effect on the landscape.

As the poem progresses, the speaker continues to describe the sunrise in vivid detail, using language that is both descriptive and emotive. For example, in the third line, the speaker describes the “Aidles swing” of the sun, suggesting a sense of movement and energy. This is followed by the line, “The morning foreign shone,” which creates a sense of wonder and mystery, as if the sunrise is a new and unfamiliar experience.

The fourth line of the poem, “Of our new Resurrection,” is particularly significant, as it suggests a spiritual or religious aspect to the sunrise. The idea of resurrection implies a sense of rebirth or renewal, which is often associated with religious or spiritual experiences. This theme is further developed in the fifth line, which describes the “Bells” that “lifted up their sound.” The use of the word “lifted” suggests a sense of elevation or transcendence, as if the bells are reaching towards the heavens.

The sixth line of the poem, “The first time He spoke loud,” is also significant, as it suggests a sense of divine intervention or communication. The use of the word “He” implies a male deity, which is consistent with many religious traditions. This line also creates a sense of urgency and importance, as if the sunrise is a momentous event that demands attention.

The final two lines of the poem, “It was not Death, for I stood up, / And all the Dead lie down,” are perhaps the most powerful and emotive. The speaker is suggesting that the experience of witnessing the sunrise is so profound that it transcends death itself. The use of the word “stood” implies a sense of strength and resilience, while the phrase “all the Dead lie down” suggests a sense of peace and restfulness.

In terms of structure, the poem is relatively simple, consisting of eight lines with a consistent rhyme scheme (ABCBDEFE). However, the language and imagery used in the poem are complex and layered, creating a sense of depth and richness. The use of enjambment (the continuation of a sentence or phrase across multiple lines) also adds to the flow and rhythm of the poem, creating a sense of movement and energy.

Overall, “Who saw no Sunrise cannot say” is a powerful and emotive poem that explores the beauty and significance of nature. Through vivid language and imagery, Emily Dickinson creates a sense of wonder and awe, suggesting that the experience of witnessing a sunrise is both profound and transformative. The poem also touches on themes of spirituality and mortality, suggesting that the beauty of nature can transcend even death itself. As such, it is a classic example of Dickinson’s unique style and vision, and a testament to her enduring legacy as one of America’s greatest poets.

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