'Three Movements' by William Butler Yeats


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Shakespearean fish swam the sea, far away from land;
Romantic fish swam in nets coming to the hand;
What are all those fish that lie gasping on the strand?

Editor 1 Interpretation

Three Movements: A Masterpiece by William Butler Yeats

Oh, how I love Three Movements by William Butler Yeats! Every time I read it, I feel like I'm transported to another realm, where the world is full of magic and wonder. This poem is a masterpiece, and I'm going to tell you why.

The Poem:

Before I start dissecting this poem, let me first give you a brief overview of its structure. Three Movements is divided into three stanzas, each containing four lines. The poem is written in iambic tetrameter, which means that each line has eight syllables, with the stress (or emphasis) on every second syllable. Here's the poem in full:

I
Antony has come home wounded
From Egypt; Cleopatra's barge
Has beat too often into the wind.
That labouring, vast, and wandering bark --

II
Dim with immensersurable sand
The vague West shifts like a mist
And all-winged boats that sail the sky
Are one with the sea-horses of the West.

III
Aedh hears the cry of the sedge
And buries his face in his cloak
Before the wildness of old age
A heart that is not night nor day's. 

The Interpretation:

First Stanza

The first stanza of Three Movements is a reference to the story of Antony and Cleopatra. Antony, who has just returned from Egypt, is wounded, and Cleopatra's barge has been battered by the wind. The line "That labouring, vast, and wandering bark" refers to the barge, which is described as vast and wandering, indicating that it's lost its way. The use of the word "labouring" suggests that the barge is struggling to stay afloat, and this could be a metaphor for Antony and Cleopatra's relationship, which is also struggling.

Second Stanza

The second stanza of the poem is a reference to the West, which is described as "dim with immensurable sand." This line conjures up an image of a vast desert, stretching out as far as the eye can see. The line "all-winged boats that sail the sky" is a reference to the clouds, which resemble boats sailing through the sky. The final line, "Are one with the sea-horses of the West," is a metaphor that suggests that the boats in the sky are one with the mythical creatures that inhabit the sea-horses of the West.

Third Stanza

The third and final stanza of the poem is a reference to Aedh, an ancient Irish hero. The line "Aedh hears the cry of the sedge" suggests that he is in tune with nature and can hear the cry of the sedge, which is a type of grass that grows near water. The line "Before the wildness of old age" suggests that Aedh is old, but still wild at heart. The final line, "A heart that is not night nor day's," suggests that Aedh's heart is free from the constraints of time, and he is in tune with the universe.

The Themes:

Now that we've looked at the poem in detail, let's talk about the themes that underpin it. One of the central themes of Three Movements is the idea of time and its passing. The poem references ancient Irish heroes, Antony and Cleopatra, and the vastness of the West, all of which are rooted in the past. The poem suggests that time moves inexorably forward, and that the past is something that cannot be changed.

Another theme of the poem is the idea of connection, both to nature and to the universe. Aedh's ability to hear the cry of the sedge and his freedom from the constraints of time suggest that he is in tune with the world around him. The reference to the boats in the sky being one with the sea-horses of the West suggests that everything is interconnected, and that we are all part of a larger whole.

The Conclusion:

In conclusion, Three Movements is a masterpiece of poetry. Its structure, language, and themes all work together to create a sense of magic and wonder. The poem's references to the past, the universe, and nature suggest that everything is connected, and that we are all part of something larger than ourselves. Yeats has created a work of art that speaks to the human experience in a profound and meaningful way. If you haven't read Three Movements yet, I implore you to do so. You won't regret it.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Three Movements by William Butler Yeats is a classic poem that has stood the test of time. It is a poem that is rich in symbolism and imagery, and it speaks to the human condition in a way that is both timeless and universal. In this analysis, we will explore the three movements of the poem and the themes that are present throughout.

The first movement of the poem is titled "The End of Day." In this movement, Yeats sets the stage for the rest of the poem by describing the end of a day. He writes, "The light fades and the darkness comes, / And the world is but a shadow of itself." This sets a tone of melancholy and sadness, as the end of the day represents the end of something. The imagery of the fading light and the darkness coming also suggests a sense of foreboding, as if something ominous is about to happen.

The second movement of the poem is titled "The Body of the Father Christian Rosencrux." This movement is the most complex and symbolic of the three. It tells the story of Christian Rosencrux, a mythical figure who is said to have founded the Rosicrucian Order. The poem describes Rosencrux's body being discovered in a tomb, and the narrator's reaction to this discovery.

The symbolism in this movement is rich and varied. Rosencrux's body represents the past, and the narrator's reaction represents the present. The narrator is both fascinated and repulsed by the discovery of Rosencrux's body, which suggests a conflict between the past and the present. The fact that Rosencrux is a mythical figure also suggests a sense of mystery and the unknown, which adds to the overall sense of foreboding that is present throughout the poem.

The third and final movement of the poem is titled "The New Faces." This movement represents a turning point in the poem, as it suggests a sense of hope and renewal. The poem describes a group of people who are gathered together, and the narrator's reaction to them. The people are described as having "new faces," which suggests a sense of freshness and vitality.

The symbolism in this movement is also rich and varied. The new faces represent the future, and the narrator's reaction represents a sense of hope and optimism. The fact that the people are gathered together also suggests a sense of community and togetherness, which adds to the overall sense of hope that is present throughout the poem.

Throughout the poem, there are several themes that are present. The first theme is the passage of time. The poem begins with the end of a day, which represents the end of something. This theme is continued throughout the poem, as the discovery of Rosencrux's body represents the past, and the new faces represent the future. The theme of time suggests that everything is constantly changing, and that nothing stays the same.

The second theme is the conflict between the past and the present. This theme is present in the second movement of the poem, as the narrator is both fascinated and repulsed by the discovery of Rosencrux's body. This conflict suggests that there is a tension between the past and the present, and that this tension can be difficult to reconcile.

The third theme is the sense of mystery and the unknown. This theme is present throughout the poem, but is particularly evident in the second movement. The fact that Rosencrux is a mythical figure adds to the sense of mystery and the unknown, and suggests that there are things that we may never fully understand.

The fourth and final theme is the sense of hope and renewal. This theme is present in the third movement of the poem, as the new faces represent a sense of freshness and vitality. This theme suggests that even though things may change and there may be conflicts between the past and the present, there is always the possibility of renewal and hope.

In conclusion, Three Movements by William Butler Yeats is a classic poem that is rich in symbolism and imagery. The poem explores themes of time, the conflict between the past and the present, the sense of mystery and the unknown, and the sense of hope and renewal. The poem is a powerful reminder that even though life may be difficult at times, there is always the possibility of renewal and hope.

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