'The Host Of The Air' by William Butler Yeats


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O'DRISCOLL drove with a song
The wild duck and the drake
From the tall and the tufted reeds
Of the drear Hart Lake.
And he saw how the reeds grew dark
At the coming of night-tide,
And dreamed of the long dim hair
Of Bridget his bride.
He heard while he sang and dreamed
A piper piping away,
And never was piping so sad,
And never was piping so gay.
And he saw young men and young girls
Who danced on a level place,
And Bridget his bride among them,
With a sad and a gay face.
The dancers crowded about him
And many a sweet thing said,
And a young man brought him red wine
And a young girl white bread.
But Bridget drew him by the sleeve
Away from the merry bands,
To old men playing at cards
With a twinkling of ancient hands.
The bread and the wine had a doom,
For these were the host of the air;
He sat and played in a dream
Of her long dim hair.
He played with the merry old men
And thought not of evil chance,
Until one bore Bridget his bride
Away from the merry dance.
He bore her away in his atms,
The handsomest young man there,
And his neck and his breast and his arms
Were drowned in her long dim hair.
O'Driscoll scattered the cards
And out of his dream awoke:
Old men and young men and young girls
Were gone like a drifting smoke;
But he heard high up in the air
A piper piping away,
And never was piping so sad,
And never was piping so gay.


Editor 1 Interpretation

A Masterpiece of Symbolism: An Analysis of Yeats’ “The Host of the Air”

William Butler Yeats is often hailed as one of the greatest poets of the 20th century, and his poem “The Host of the Air” is a perfect example of why. The poem is a masterful example of Yeats’ use of symbolism, and it is considered one of his most beautiful and evocative works. In this literary criticism, we’ll explore the themes, images, and symbols in “The Host of the Air,” and examine how they contribute to the poem’s overall meaning.

Background and Context

Before we delve into the poem itself, it’s important to understand a bit about Yeats’ life and the cultural context in which he wrote. Yeats was an Irish poet and playwright, born in Dublin in 1865. He was deeply influenced by Irish mythology and folklore, and his work often explores the themes of history, myth, and spirituality.

“The Host of the Air” was written in 1899, during a time of great political and social upheaval in Ireland. The country was in the midst of a struggle for independence from British rule, and Yeats was deeply involved in the movement. This context is important to keep in mind as we examine the poem, as it helps to shed light on some of the themes and symbols that Yeats employs.

Themes

At its core, “The Host of the Air” is a poem about freedom and the pursuit of the unknown. The poem tells the story of a man who is visited by the “host of the air” – a group of mystical creatures who invite him to join them on a journey through the skies. The man is torn between the desire to join them and the fear of leaving the safety and comfort of his home.

This conflict between freedom and safety is central to the poem. The man is faced with a choice – to stay within the confines of his home and the familiar, or to venture out into the unknown and to take risks. The “host of the air” represents the unknown, the mysterious, and the uncontrollable – a force that is both alluring and terrifying.

Images and Symbols

One of the most striking things about “The Host of the Air” is the vivid imagery that Yeats employs. The poem is full of rich, evocative language that paints a picture of the mystical world that the man is invited to join. Here are a few examples:

The silver apples of the moon,
The golden apples of the sun.

This line is a reference to the W.B. Yeats’ earlier poem, "The Song of Wandering Aengus" where a man, Aengus, saw a girl in a vision who was "Aengus went down by the lake and caught a little silver trout. When he laid it on the bank, it became a girl, and "the music began to rise from her like smoke from a fire". The same girl Aengus saw in his dream is now the silver apple of the moon. This line is important because it shows how Yeats is drawing on his own mythology and folklore, and also because it helps to establish the ethereal, dream-like quality of the poem.

The white breast of the dim sea,
The bright hair of the sky.

These lines are an example of Yeats’ use of synesthesia – a literary device that involves mixing sensory metaphors. The “white breast” of the sea and the “bright hair” of the sky are both examples of how Yeats uses language to create a sense of otherworldliness and magic.

And you have changed the waving trees,
And the water that runs over the pebbles,
And the humming in the silence.

These lines are a reminder of the power that the “host of the air” wields. They have the ability to transform the natural world around them – the “waving trees,” the “water that runs over the pebbles,” and even the “humming in the silence.” These lines also establish a sense of the surreal and the fantastical – a world that is both beautiful and strange.

Interpretation

So what does all of this imagery and symbolism mean? How can we interpret the poem as a whole? There are a few different ways to approach this question, but here are a few possible interpretations:

1. The Pursuit of Freedom

As we noted earlier, the conflict between freedom and safety is central to the poem. The man is faced with a choice – to stay within the confines of his home and the familiar, or to venture out into the unknown and to take risks. The “host of the air” represents the unknown, the mysterious, and the uncontrollable – a force that is both alluring and terrifying.

In this interpretation, the poem is a commentary on the human desire for freedom and adventure. The man is torn between his desire for safety and his desire to explore the world and to take risks. The “host of the air” represents the allure of the unknown – the temptation to leave the safety and comfort of our homes and to venture out into the world.

2. The Power of Nature

Another possible interpretation of the poem is that it is a celebration of the power and beauty of nature. The “host of the air” wields incredible power – they can transform the natural world around them and they can invite humans to join them on mystical journeys through the skies.

In this interpretation, the poem is a reminder of the interconnectedness of all things in the natural world. The “white breast” of the sea, the “bright hair” of the sky, and the “waving trees” are all examples of the beauty and power of nature. The “host of the air” is a symbol of the natural world’s ability to inspire and to transform us.

3. The Mystical and the Spiritual

Finally, it’s worth noting that “The Host of the Air” is a deeply mystical and spiritual poem. The “host of the air” is not just a band of mystical creatures – they are also a symbol of the divine, the unknown, and the mystical.

In this interpretation, the poem is a celebration of the mystical and the spiritual. The man is being invited to join the “host of the air” on a journey through the skies – a journey that represents a spiritual awakening or transformation. The poem is a reminder of the power of the unknown, the divine, and the mystical to inspire and to transform us.

Conclusion

In conclusion, “The Host of the Air” is a masterpiece of symbolism and imagery. The poem is a celebration of freedom, the power of nature, and the mystical and the spiritual. Yeats’ use of vivid imagery and rich language creates a world that is both beautiful and strange – a world that invites us to join the “host of the air” on a journey through the skies.

As we read and interpret this poem, we are reminded of the power of poetry to transport us to other worlds and to inspire us to take risks and to explore the unknown. Yeats’ “The Host of the Air” is a reminder of the beauty and power of language, and of the human desire to explore and to experience the mystical and the unknown.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

The Host of the Air: A Poetic Masterpiece by William Butler Yeats

William Butler Yeats, the renowned Irish poet, is known for his profound and mystical poetry that explores the complexities of human existence. One of his most celebrated works is "The Host of the Air," a poem that delves into the themes of love, death, and the supernatural. This poem is a true masterpiece that showcases Yeats' poetic genius and his ability to create a vivid and haunting imagery that lingers in the mind of the reader.

The poem begins with the speaker describing a group of mysterious beings that he calls "the host of the air." These beings are described as "invisible" and "unseen," yet they possess a powerful presence that is felt by the speaker. The speaker is drawn to these beings, and he longs to join them in their flight through the sky. He describes their flight as a "dance" that is both graceful and powerful, and he is mesmerized by their beauty and their freedom.

As the poem progresses, the speaker reveals that he is in love with a woman who is dying. He is torn between his desire to join the host of the air and his love for this woman. He knows that if he joins the host of the air, he will leave behind his earthly life and his love for this woman. However, he is also aware that death is inevitable, and he wonders if he should embrace it and join the host of the air.

The poem reaches its climax when the speaker sees the host of the air descending towards him. He is filled with fear and awe as he watches them approach. He realizes that they have come to take him away, and he must make a choice. He can either join them and leave behind his earthly life and his love for the dying woman, or he can stay behind and face his own mortality.

In the end, the speaker chooses to stay behind. He realizes that his love for the dying woman is stronger than his desire to join the host of the air. He accepts his mortality and embraces the pain and sorrow that comes with it. He knows that death is a natural part of life, and he is content to live out his days on earth, even though he knows that he will eventually die.

"The Host of the Air" is a poem that explores the complexities of human existence. It delves into the themes of love, death, and the supernatural, and it does so with a haunting and beautiful imagery that is characteristic of Yeats' poetry. The poem is a true masterpiece that showcases Yeats' poetic genius and his ability to create a vivid and powerful imagery that lingers in the mind of the reader.

One of the most striking aspects of this poem is the way in which Yeats uses the host of the air as a metaphor for death. The host of the air is described as a group of mysterious beings that are invisible and unseen, yet possess a powerful presence that is felt by the speaker. This is similar to the way in which death is often portrayed in literature and mythology. Death is often depicted as a mysterious and powerful force that is invisible and unseen, yet its presence is felt by all.

Another interesting aspect of this poem is the way in which Yeats explores the theme of love. The speaker is torn between his desire to join the host of the air and his love for the dying woman. He knows that if he joins the host of the air, he will leave behind his earthly life and his love for this woman. However, he is also aware that death is inevitable, and he wonders if he should embrace it and join the host of the air. This is a powerful exploration of the theme of love and the choices that we make in life.

Overall, "The Host of the Air" is a true masterpiece that showcases Yeats' poetic genius and his ability to create a vivid and haunting imagery that lingers in the mind of the reader. The poem explores the themes of love, death, and the supernatural, and it does so with a powerful and beautiful language that is characteristic of Yeats' poetry. This is a poem that will stay with the reader long after they have finished reading it, and it is a testament to Yeats' enduring legacy as one of the greatest poets of the 20th century.

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