'Sonnet LXIII' by William Shakespeare


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Against my love shall be, as I am now,
With Time's injurious hand crush'd and o'er-worn;
When hours have drain'd his blood and fill'd his brow
With lines and wrinkles; when his youthful morn
Hath travell'd on to age's steepy night,
And all those beauties whereof now he's king
Are vanishing or vanish'd out of sight,
Stealing away the treasure of his spring;
For such a time do I now fortify
Against confounding age's cruel knife,
That he shall never cut from memory
My sweet love's beauty, though my lover's life:
His beauty shall in these black lines be seen,
And they shall live, and he in them still green.


Editor 1 Interpretation

Sonnet 63 by William Shakespeare: A Literary Criticism and Interpretation

Oh, what a joy it is to delve into the works of William Shakespeare, especially his sonnets! These 14-line poems are not only a testament to the bard's mastery of language but also his deep understanding of human nature. Sonnet 63, in particular, is a gem that deserves closer attention and analysis. In this literary criticism and interpretation, we will explore the themes, imagery, structure, and language of this sonnet and uncover its meaning and significance.

The Text

Before we begin our analysis, let's first read the sonnet in its entirety:

Against my love shall be, as I am now,
With Time's injurious hand crushed and o'erworn;
When hours have drained his blood, and filled his brow
With lines and wrinkles; when his youthful morn
Hath travelled on to age's steepy night;
And all those beauties whereof now he's king
Are vanishing, or vanished out of sight,
Stealing away the treasure of his spring;
For such a time do I now fortify
Against confounding age's cruel knife,
That he shall never cut from memory
My sweet love's beauty, though my lover's life:
  His beauty shall in these black lines be seen,
  And they shall live, and he in them still green.

The Themes

At the heart of Sonnet 63 is the theme of time and its effects on love and beauty. The speaker acknowledges that time is a powerful force that can crush and wear away even the strongest love and the most beautiful features. He paints a vivid picture of the ravages of time on his lover's face, from the lines and wrinkles to the loss of youthful beauty. However, the speaker is determined to defy time's cruel knife by immortalizing his love's beauty in these "black lines" of the sonnet. Thus, another theme of the sonnet is the power of literature to transcend time and preserve beauty and love for posterity.

The Imagery

Shakespeare's skillful use of imagery in Sonnet 63 is one of its most striking features. The speaker employs a series of vivid images to convey the effects of time on his lover's appearance, such as "hours...drained his blood," "filled his brow/With lines and wrinkles," and "travelled on to age's steepy night." These images paint a stark contrast between the lover's youthful beauty and his aged and withered state. The use of the metaphor of "confounding age's cruel knife" also adds a sense of violence and brutality to the passage of time.

However, the most powerful image in the sonnet is that of the "black lines" that will immortalize the lover's beauty. This image symbolizes the power of literature to transcend time and preserve the essence of human experience. By writing this sonnet, the speaker is creating a lasting tribute to his love that will survive long after both of them have passed away.

The Structure

Sonnet 63 follows the traditional structure of a Shakespearean sonnet, with 14 lines divided into three quatrains and a final couplet. The rhyme scheme is ABAB CDCD EFEF GG, which creates a sense of symmetry and balance in the poem. The use of iambic pentameter also adds to the sonnet's musicality and lends it a sense of rhythm and flow. The sonnet's structure mirrors the speaker's determination to defy time and preserve his love's beauty in a lasting tribute.

The Language

Shakespeare's use of language in Sonnet 63 is typical of his poetic style, with rich metaphors, allusions, and wordplay. The repeated use of the word "time" throughout the sonnet creates a sense of foreboding and urgency, as though the speaker is racing against time to immortalize his love's beauty. The use of the word "confounding" also adds a sense of struggle and conflict to the sonnet, as though the speaker is engaged in a battle against an implacable foe.

The sonnet also contains several allusions to classical mythology, such as the reference to "age's steepy night," which echoes the imagery of the underworld in Greek mythology. This allusion adds a sense of gravitas to the sonnet and reinforces the idea that the passage of time is an inevitable and universal force that affects all human beings.

The Interpretation

So, what does Sonnet 63 mean? At its core, this sonnet is a meditation on the power of love and literature to transcend time and mortality. The speaker acknowledges the inevitability of aging and the loss of physical beauty but refuses to let these forces diminish the power of his love for his beloved. By writing this sonnet, he is creating a lasting tribute to his love that will survive long after both of them have passed away.

The use of the metaphor of "black lines" to describe the sonnet's enduring power is particularly striking. By choosing to write his sonnet in ink, the speaker is creating something that will last, even after the physical body has decayed. The sonnet becomes a kind of time capsule, preserving the essence of the speaker's love and emotions for future generations to discover and appreciate.

Overall, Sonnet 63 is a powerful testament to the enduring power of love and literature to transcend time and mortality. Through its vivid imagery, musical language, and elegant structure, it reminds us of the beauty and fragility of human existence and the importance of cherishing the moments we have with those we love. As Shakespeare himself wrote in another sonnet, "Love's not Time's fool, though rosy lips and cheeks/Within his bending sickle's compass come." (Sonnet 116). And so, we are left with a sense of hope and resilience in the face of the inevitable passage of time.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Sonnet LXIII by William Shakespeare is a classic piece of poetry that has stood the test of time. It is a sonnet that is both beautiful and thought-provoking, and it has been studied and analyzed by scholars and poetry enthusiasts alike for centuries. In this article, we will take a closer look at Sonnet LXIII, exploring its themes, structure, and language, and examining why it continues to captivate readers today.

The first thing to note about Sonnet LXIII is its structure. Like all sonnets, it is composed of fourteen lines, with a specific rhyme scheme and meter. In this case, the rhyme scheme is ABAB CDCD EFEF GG, with each line written in iambic pentameter. This means that each line contains ten syllables, with the stress falling on every other syllable. This gives the sonnet a musical quality, with a rhythm that is both pleasing to the ear and easy to remember.

The sonnet begins with a powerful image: "Against my love shall be, as I am now, / With Time's injurious hand crushed and o'erworn." Here, the speaker is comparing his love to himself, suggesting that just as he will eventually age and deteriorate, so too will his love be subject to the ravages of time. This sets the tone for the rest of the sonnet, which is a meditation on the transience of life and the inevitability of death.

The second quatrain continues this theme, with the speaker describing how "Death's second self, that seals up all in rest" will eventually come for him and his love. This is a powerful image, suggesting that death is not just an end to life, but a kind of second self, a force that will envelop and consume everything in its path. The use of the word "seals" is particularly effective here, as it suggests a finality and completeness that is both frightening and awe-inspiring.

The third quatrain takes a slightly different turn, with the speaker acknowledging that even though death will eventually come for him and his love, their memory will live on. He writes, "And art made tongue-tied by authority, / And folly, doctor-like, controlling skill, / And simple truth miscalled simplicity." Here, the speaker is suggesting that even though people may try to silence or distort the truth, the memory of him and his love will endure. This is a powerful statement, suggesting that even in the face of death, there is something eternal and unchanging about love.

The final couplet brings the sonnet to a close, with the speaker declaring, "But if the while I think on thee, dear friend, / All losses are restored and sorrows end." Here, the speaker is suggesting that even though death may come for him and his love, the memory of their love will be enough to sustain him. This is a beautiful sentiment, suggesting that even in the face of death, there is something that can transcend it.

One of the things that makes Sonnet LXIII so powerful is its use of language. Shakespeare was a master of language, and he uses it here to great effect. The sonnet is full of powerful images and metaphors, from the "injurious hand" of time to the "second self" of death. These images are both vivid and memorable, and they help to create a sense of urgency and intensity that is hard to ignore.

Another thing that makes Sonnet LXIII so powerful is its universal themes. The sonnet is not just about the speaker's love for his friend; it is about the transience of life and the inevitability of death. These are themes that are relevant to everyone, regardless of their age, gender, or background. By tapping into these universal themes, Shakespeare is able to create a sonnet that speaks to people across time and space.

In conclusion, Sonnet LXIII by William Shakespeare is a classic piece of poetry that continues to captivate readers today. Its structure, language, and themes are all carefully crafted to create a powerful and memorable work of art. Whether you are a scholar of poetry or simply a lover of literature, this sonnet is sure to leave a lasting impression.

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