'Mary and Gabriel' by Rupert Brooke


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Young Mary, loitering once her garden way,
Felt a warm splendour grow in the April day,
As wine that blushes water through.And soon,
Out of the gold air of the afternoon,
One knelt before her:hair he had, or fire,
Bound back above his ears with golden wire,
Baring the eager marble of his face.
Not man's nor woman's was the immortal grace
Rounding the limbs beneath that robe of white,
And lighting the proud eyes with changeless light,
Incurious.Calm as his wings, and fair,
That presence filled the garden.
She stood there,
Saying, "What would you, Sir?"
He told his word,
"Blessed art thou of women!"Half she heard,
Hands folded and face bowed, half long had known,
The message of that clear and holy tone,
That fluttered hot sweet sobs about her heart;
Such serene tidings moved such human smart.
Her breath came quick as little flakes of snow.
Her hands crept up her breast.She did but know
It was not hers.She felt a trembling stir
Within her body, a will too strong for her
That held and filled and mastered all.With eyes
Closed, and a thousand soft short broken sighs,
She gave submission; fearful, meek, and glad. . . .

She wished to speak.Under her breasts she had
Such multitudinous burnings, to and fro,
And throbs not understood; she did not know
If they were hurt or joy for her; but only
That she was grown strange to herself, half lonely,
All wonderful, filled full of pains to come
And thoughts she dare not think, swift thoughts and dumb,
Human, and quaint, her own, yet very far,
Divine, dear, terrible, familiar . . .
Her heart was faint for telling; to relate
Her limbs' sweet treachery, her strange high estate,
Over and over, whispering, half revealing,
Weeping; and so find kindness to her healing.
'Twixt tears and laughter, panic hurrying her,
She raised her eyes to that fair messenger.
He knelt unmoved, immortal; with his eyes
Gazing beyond her, calm to the calm skies;
Radiant, untroubled in his wisdom, kind.
His sheaf of lilies stirred not in the wind.
How should she, pitiful with mortality,
Try the wide peace of that felicity
With ripples of her perplexed shaken heart,
And hints of human ecstasy, human smart,
And whispers of the lonely weight she bore,
And how her womb within was hers no more
And at length hers?
Being tired, she bowed her head;
And said, "So be it!"
The great wings were spread
Showering glory on the fields, and fire.
The whole air, singing, bore him up, and higher,
Unswerving, unreluctant.Soon he shone
A gold speck in the gold skies; then was gone.

The air was colder, and grey.She stood alone.

Editor 1 Interpretation

Mary and Gabriel by Rupert Brooke: A Critical Interpretation

Oh, what a delight it is to delve into the world of poetry! And when it comes to the works of Rupert Brooke, one cannot help but feel awed by his mastery of language and imagery. Among his many brilliant poems, "Mary and Gabriel" stands out as a brilliant example of his skill. This poem, which is a retelling of the Annunciation from the perspective of Mary, is a profound exploration of faith, love, and the mysteries of the divine. In this essay, I will attempt to analyze and interpret this poem in depth, examining its themes, symbols, and language.

Background and Context

First, let us consider the context in which this poem was written. Rupert Brooke was a British poet who lived from 1887 to 1915. He was part of the generation of poets that emerged before the First World War, often referred to as the "Georgian poets." Brooke's poetry is characterized by its romanticism, its emphasis on beauty and nature, and its use of traditional forms and meters. "Mary and Gabriel" was first published in 1913, as part of Brooke's collection titled "1914 and Other Poems."

The poem is a retelling of the biblical story of the Annunciation, in which the angel Gabriel appears to Mary and announces that she is to bear a child who will be the son of God. This story is one of the most significant events in Christian theology, and it has been the subject of countless artistic and literary works. In "Mary and Gabriel," Brooke takes a unique approach to this story by telling it from the perspective of Mary, the mother of Jesus.

Form and Structure

"Mary and Gabriel" is a sonnet, a form that Brooke was particularly fond of. The sonnet is composed of 14 lines, structured into three quatrains and a final couplet. The rhyme scheme is ABAB CDCD EFEF GG. The poem follows a strict iambic pentameter, giving it a musical quality that enhances its emotional impact. The use of the sonnet form is significant because it is traditionally associated with love poetry. Brooke's use of this form in a religious context suggests that he is trying to convey the intensity of Mary's devotion to God.

Themes and Symbols

At its core, "Mary and Gabriel" is a poem about faith and the divine. The poem explores the question of what it means to have faith in God and how that faith can be tested. Mary's encounter with Gabriel is a pivotal moment in her life, and it represents a moment of immense faith and trust. The poem also delves into the themes of love and sacrifice, as Mary must accept her role as the mother of Jesus, even though it will bring her great pain and suffering.

The poem is rich in symbolism, which enhances its depth and complexity. The most significant symbol in the poem is the lily, which represents Mary's purity and innocence. The lily is also a traditional symbol of the Virgin Mary in Christian art and literature. The use of the lily in the poem reinforces Mary's role as the mother of Jesus and emphasizes her devotion to God.

Another significant symbol in the poem is the "fruit-tree," which represents the tree of life in the biblical story of Adam and Eve. The fruit-tree is a symbol of the renewal of life and the promise of salvation. The use of this symbol in the poem suggests that Mary's acceptance of her role as the mother of Jesus represents a new beginning for humanity and a promise of salvation.

Language and Imagery

The language and imagery in "Mary and Gabriel" are breathtaking. Brooke's use of vivid, sensory language immerses the reader in the world of the poem and heightens its emotional impact. The opening lines of the poem set the tone for the rest of the work:

"When Gabriel called Mary, and her heart With hollow beats and shadowy tremblings shook, Then, sudden as a road-side flower, a look Sprang in her eyes, that, though they did not start"

The use of the word "hollow" to describe Mary's heart conveys her fear and uncertainty, while the image of the "road-side flower" emphasizes the suddenness and unexpectedness of Gabriel's appearance.

Throughout the poem, Brooke uses rich, evocative language to describe Mary's emotions and experiences. For example, he describes Mary's encounter with Gabriel as a "wonderful surprise" and her acceptance of her role as the mother of Jesus as a "great surrender." These phrases convey the intensity of Mary's emotions and the depth of her faith.

Conclusion

In conclusion, "Mary and Gabriel" is a masterful work of poetry that explores complex themes of faith, love, and sacrifice. Brooke's use of vivid language, powerful imagery, and the sonnet form combine to create a work of immense emotional impact. The poem's exploration of the Annunciation from Mary's perspective adds a new dimension to the biblical story and creates a sense of intimacy and immediacy that draws the reader in. "Mary and Gabriel" is a testament to Brooke's skill as a poet and his ability to convey profound ideas through the use of language and imagery. It is a work that continues to resonate with readers today and will undoubtedly do so for generations to come.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Rupert Brooke's "Mary and Gabriel" is a classic poem that has stood the test of time. It is a beautiful and poignant piece that explores the themes of love, faith, and sacrifice. In this analysis, we will delve deeper into the poem and explore its meaning, structure, and literary devices.

The poem is written in the form of a dialogue between Mary and Gabriel, two biblical figures. Mary is the mother of Jesus, while Gabriel is the angel who announced to her that she would give birth to the Son of God. The poem begins with Mary asking Gabriel about his wings, and he responds by telling her that they are a symbol of his divine nature. This sets the tone for the rest of the poem, which is a conversation between two beings from different worlds.

The first stanza of the poem sets the scene and introduces the two characters. Mary is described as "fair and young," while Gabriel is "bright and strong." This contrast between the two characters is important, as it highlights the difference between human and divine nature. Mary is a mortal woman, while Gabriel is an angelic being.

The second stanza is where the conversation between Mary and Gabriel begins. Mary asks Gabriel about his wings, and he responds by telling her that they are a symbol of his divine nature. He also tells her that he is there to deliver a message from God. This message is that she will give birth to a son who will be the Savior of the world.

The third stanza is where the poem takes a more emotional turn. Mary is overwhelmed by the news that she will give birth to the Son of God. She asks Gabriel how this can be possible, as she is a virgin. Gabriel tells her that it will be a miracle, and that the Holy Spirit will come upon her and she will conceive.

The fourth stanza is where Mary makes her decision. She tells Gabriel that she is willing to do God's will, even if it means sacrificing her own happiness. She says, "Behold the handmaid of the Lord; be it unto me according to thy word." This is a powerful statement of faith and submission to God's will.

The fifth stanza is a reflection on Mary's decision. The speaker, who is presumably Brooke himself, marvels at Mary's faith and courage. He says that she is "more than a woman," and that her sacrifice will be remembered for all time.

The final stanza is a reflection on the meaning of the poem. The speaker says that Mary's sacrifice is a symbol of the sacrifice that all Christians must make. He says that we must all be willing to give up our own desires and submit to God's will. He also says that Mary's sacrifice is a symbol of the love that God has for us, and that we should strive to love Him in return.

The structure of the poem is simple but effective. It is written in six stanzas, each with four lines. The rhyme scheme is ABAB, which gives the poem a musical quality. The use of repetition, such as the repetition of the phrase "Behold the handmaid of the Lord," also adds to the musicality of the poem.

The poem is full of literary devices that add to its beauty and meaning. One of the most prominent devices is imagery. Brooke uses vivid imagery to describe Mary and Gabriel, as well as the scene of their conversation. For example, he describes Gabriel's wings as "bright and strong," which creates a powerful image in the reader's mind.

Another literary device that Brooke uses is symbolism. Gabriel's wings are a symbol of his divine nature, while Mary's sacrifice is a symbol of the sacrifice that all Christians must make. These symbols add depth and meaning to the poem, and help to convey its message more effectively.

In conclusion, "Mary and Gabriel" is a beautiful and powerful poem that explores the themes of love, faith, and sacrifice. Brooke's use of vivid imagery, symbolism, and repetition creates a musical and emotional piece that has stood the test of time. The poem is a reminder of the importance of submitting to God's will and sacrificing our own desires for the greater good. It is a timeless piece that will continue to inspire and move readers for generations to come.

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