'A Rat surrendered here' by Emily Dickinson


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A Rat surrendered here
A brief career of Cheer
And Fraud and Fear.Of Ignominy's due
Let all addicted to
Beware.The most obliging Trap
Its tendency to snap
Cannot resist-Temptation is the Friend
Repugnantly resigned
At last.

Editor 1 Interpretation

Poetry Analysis: A Rat surrendered here by Emily Dickinson

Oh my goodness, where do I begin? Emily Dickinson’s “A Rat surrendered here” is a poem that has a lot going on beneath its simple surface. At first glance, it appears to be a lighthearted and humorous poem about a rat that has given up trying to eat the speaker’s food. However, upon closer inspection, it becomes clear that the poem is about much more than just a rat.

Context

Before we dive into the poem itself, let’s take a quick look at the context in which it was written. Emily Dickinson was a reclusive poet who lived in Amherst, Massachusetts, for most of her life. She wrote nearly 1,800 poems, most of which were published after her death in 1886.

“A Rat surrendered here” was written sometime between 1861 and 1865, during the American Civil War. The war had a profound impact on Dickinson, and many of her poems reflect the turmoil and uncertainty of the time. In fact, some scholars believe that the rat in this poem may represent the Confederacy, surrendering to the Union forces.

Analysis

Now, let’s take a closer look at the poem itself. Here it is in full:

A Rat surrendered here
A brief career of Cheer
And Fraud and Fear.
Of Ignominy's due
Let all addicted to
Beware.

The first thing that stands out about this poem is its brevity. It consists of only six lines, which makes it one of Dickinson’s shortest poems. However, despite its brevity, it manages to pack a punch.

The first line, “A Rat surrendered here,” sets the tone for the poem. It immediately creates a sense of surrender and defeat. The rat has given up, and its surrender is the focus of the poem.

The second line, “A brief career of Cheer,” adds a touch of humor to the poem. The rat’s career as a food thief was short-lived, but it brought some cheer to the speaker. This line also creates a sense of contrast between the rat’s short-lived career and the speaker’s longer life.

The third line, “And Fraud and Fear,” introduces two key themes in the poem: fraud and fear. The rat was a fraud, pretending to be innocent while it stole food from the speaker. It was also afraid, constantly looking over its shoulder and worrying about being caught.

The fourth line, “Of Ignominy's due,” is where things start to get interesting. Ignominy means disgrace or dishonor, and the line suggests that the rat deserves to be disgraced. This could be interpreted as a comment on the Confederacy or on anyone who surrenders in the face of adversity.

The fifth line, “Let all addicted to,” is a warning to others who might follow in the rat’s footsteps. The speaker is cautioning anyone who is addicted to fraud and fear to beware, lest they suffer the same fate as the rat.

The final line, “Beware,” is a warning that echoes throughout the poem. It’s a warning to the rat, to the speaker, and to anyone who reads the poem. Beware of fraud and fear, beware of surrendering, beware of the consequences.

Interpretation

So, what does it all mean? As with any poem, there are multiple interpretations. Here are a few:

The Confederacy surrenders

As mentioned earlier, some scholars believe that the rat in this poem represents the Confederacy during the Civil War. The rat’s surrender could be seen as a metaphor for the Confederacy surrendering to the Union forces. The warning at the end of the poem could also be seen as a warning to the Confederacy to beware of the consequences of their actions.

Dickinson’s fear of death

Another interpretation of the poem is that it reflects Dickinson’s fear of death. The rat could be seen as a symbol for death, with the speaker warning others to beware of it. The themes of fraud and fear could also be seen as a reflection of Dickinson’s fear of dying.

The dangers of addiction

A third interpretation of the poem is that it’s a warning about the dangers of addiction. The rat’s addiction to food theft led to its downfall, and the speaker is cautioning others to beware of addiction in all its forms.

Conclusion

In conclusion, “A Rat surrendered here” is a deceptively simple poem that touches on a number of complex themes. It’s a warning about the dangers of surrendering to fear and addiction, a commentary on the Civil War, and a reflection of Dickinson’s own fears. Despite its brevity, it manages to pack a punch and leave a lasting impression.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Poetry enthusiasts and literary scholars alike have long been captivated by the works of Emily Dickinson, one of the most renowned poets of the 19th century. Among her many celebrated poems is the enigmatic and thought-provoking "A Rat surrendered here," a piece that has puzzled readers for generations. In this article, we will delve into the meaning and significance of this classic poem, exploring its themes, imagery, and language.

First published in 1896, "A Rat surrendered here" is a short, four-line poem that packs a powerful punch. The poem reads:

A Rat surrendered here A brief career of Cheer And then stepped down Defeated, to the dust

At first glance, the poem appears to be a simple description of a rat's surrender and defeat. However, as with many of Dickinson's works, there is much more to this poem than meets the eye.

One of the most striking aspects of "A Rat surrendered here" is its use of imagery. Dickinson paints a vivid picture of the rat's surrender, describing its "brief career of Cheer" before it "stepped down / Defeated, to the dust." The use of the word "career" is particularly interesting, as it suggests that the rat's life was not just a random existence, but rather a purposeful and meaningful one. The word "Cheer" also adds a layer of complexity to the poem, as it implies that the rat was not just surviving, but thriving in some way before its defeat.

The imagery in the poem also serves to highlight the rat's vulnerability and powerlessness. The rat is described as "stepping down" and being "defeated," both of which suggest a loss of agency and control. The use of the word "dust" is also significant, as it conjures up images of decay and insignificance. By using such vivid and evocative imagery, Dickinson draws the reader into the world of the poem and makes them feel the rat's defeat and surrender.

Another key element of "A Rat surrendered here" is its use of language. Dickinson's writing style is known for its economy and precision, and this poem is no exception. The short, simple lines of the poem belie the depth and complexity of its meaning. The use of alliteration in the phrase "brief career of Cheer" adds a musical quality to the poem, while the repetition of the "d" sound in "Defeated, to the dust" creates a sense of finality and closure.

The poem's language also serves to highlight the rat's insignificance in the grand scheme of things. The rat is not given a name or any other identifying characteristics, and is simply referred to as "A Rat." This anonymity underscores the idea that the rat's life was not important or meaningful in any significant way.

So what is the deeper meaning behind "A Rat surrendered here"? As with many of Dickinson's works, there is no one clear interpretation of the poem. However, there are several themes and ideas that can be gleaned from the poem's imagery and language.

One possible interpretation of the poem is that it is a commentary on the fragility of life and the inevitability of death. The rat's surrender and defeat can be seen as a metaphor for the human experience, with all of its triumphs and failures. The use of the word "career" suggests that the rat had a purpose or goal in life, but ultimately succumbed to the forces of nature and the passage of time.

Another possible interpretation of the poem is that it is a commentary on the futility of struggle and resistance. The rat's defeat can be seen as a reminder that no matter how hard we fight, we will all eventually succumb to the forces that are beyond our control. The use of the word "surrendered" suggests that the rat gave up willingly, perhaps realizing that its struggle was ultimately futile.

Yet another interpretation of the poem is that it is a commentary on the nature of power and powerlessness. The rat, despite its brief moment of "Cheer," is ultimately powerless in the face of its defeat. This can be seen as a metaphor for the human experience, with all of its struggles for power and control. The poem suggests that no matter how much power we may have at any given moment, we are ultimately powerless in the face of our own mortality.

In conclusion, "A Rat surrendered here" is a powerful and thought-provoking poem that continues to captivate readers to this day. Through its use of vivid imagery and precise language, the poem explores themes of life, death, power, and powerlessness. While there is no one clear interpretation of the poem, its ambiguity and complexity are part of what makes it such a timeless and enduring work of literature.

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