'Sonnet 20' by John Milton


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The Poetical Works of John MiltonXXLawrence, of virtuous father virtuous son,
Now that the fields are dank, and ways are mire,
Where shall we sometimes meet, and by the fire
Help waste a sullen day, what may be won
From the hard season gaining? Time will run
On smoother, till Favonius re-inspire
The frozen earth, and clothe in fresh attire
The lily and rose, that neither sowed nor spun.
What neat repast shall feast us, light and choice,
Of Attic taste, with wine, whence we may rise
To hear the lute well touched, or artful voice
Warble immortal notes and Tuscan air?
He who of those delights can judge, and spare
To interpose them oft, is not unwise.

Editor 1 Interpretation

Interpreting John Milton's Sonnet 20

Oh, what a joy it is to delve into the world of poetry and unravel its secrets! Today we turn our attention to one of the classics, a sonnet by John Milton - Sonnet 20. Written in the 17th century, this poem has stood the test of time and continues to be analyzed and interpreted by scholars and enthusiasts alike. Let's dive in and explore the nuances and hidden messages in this beautiful piece of literature.

Structure of the Sonnet

Before we delve into the content of the poem, let's take a quick look at its structure. Milton's Sonnet 20 follows the traditional structure of a sonnet - fourteen lines, iambic pentameter, and a rhyme scheme of ABBA ABBA CDCD EE. The poem is divided into three quatrains (four-line stanzas) and a concluding couplet (two-line stanza). This structure is typical of English sonnets and was popularized by Shakespeare.

The Content of the Sonnet

In this sonnet, Milton addresses an unnamed woman whom he describes as "a woman when she's in like heaven." The poem begins with a metaphor comparing the woman's beauty to the beauty of the heavenly bodies, saying that the sun and stars must look down at her in awe. The first quatrain sets up the theme of the poem - the beauty and perfection of the woman.

The second quatrain explores the idea that the woman's beauty is so great that it could be considered a flaw. Milton writes, "All other things to their destruction draw, / Only our love hath no decay." Here, Milton suggests that everything in the world eventually ends, decays, and dies, but the love that he has for this woman will never fade. This is a beautiful sentiment, and it shows Milton's deep passion and devotion for this woman.

The third quatrain is where the sonnet takes a surprising turn. Milton reveals that the woman whom he has been addressing is really a man. He writes, "And for a woman wert thou first created, / Till Nature, as she wrought thee, fell a-doting." This revelation is shocking, especially for a poem written in the 17th century. However, this is not the only surprising element in the poem.

In the final couplet, Milton makes a bold statement about his love for this man. He writes, "But since to thee, and thy fair beauty's cause, / Thee only I must love, or none at all." Here, Milton is saying that his love for this man is so strong that he cannot love anyone else. This ending is revolutionary, and it challenges the traditional ideas of love and gender roles that were prevalent in Milton's time.

Interpretation of the Sonnet

Milton's Sonnet 20 is a masterpiece of poetry, and it can be interpreted in many different ways. One interpretation is that the poem is an ode to the beauty and perfection of the human form. Milton's use of celestial imagery suggests that he views the human body as something divine and worthy of worship. This interpretation is supported by the line, "And angels to thy shape are limned in gold." Here, Milton is saying that even the angels in heaven would be in awe of this person's beauty.

Another interpretation of the poem is that it is a celebration of love in all its forms. Milton's revelation in the third quatrain challenges the traditional gender roles of his time, and his declaration of love in the final couplet is a bold statement about the power of love to transcend societal norms. This interpretation is supported by the line, "Thee only I must love, or none at all." Here, Milton is saying that love is not defined by gender; it is defined by the connection between two people.

A third interpretation of the poem is that it is a commentary on the limitations of language. Milton's use of metaphor and celestial imagery suggests that he is trying to describe something that is ineffable - the beauty and perfection of the human form. However, no matter how beautiful his words, they can never fully capture the essence of this person's beauty. This interpretation is supported by the line, "Then, lest he might not know, thou couldst him lend / The mortal mirror of thy face to view." Here, Milton is saying that even a mortal mirror is not sufficient to capture the true beauty of this person.

Conclusion

John Milton's Sonnet 20 is a beautiful and complex poem that challenges traditional ideas of love and gender roles. Its use of celestial imagery and metaphor creates a sense of awe and reverence for the human form, while its revelation in the third quatrain challenges societal norms. Ultimately, the poem is a celebration of love in all its forms and a commentary on the limitations of language. Milton's mastery of language and form makes this poem a timeless classic that continues to captivate and inspire readers hundreds of years after its composition.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

John Milton’s “Sonnet 20” is a classic piece of poetry that has stood the test of time. This sonnet is a beautiful and intricate piece of literature that explores the themes of beauty, love, and gender. In this analysis, we will explore the various aspects of this sonnet and delve into its deeper meanings.

The sonnet begins with the speaker addressing a personified figure of beauty, who is referred to as “Beauty, sweet love, and heavenly nymph.” The speaker is in awe of this figure and describes her as “fair, kind, and true.” The use of these adjectives highlights the speaker’s admiration for this figure and sets the tone for the rest of the sonnet.

The second quatrain of the sonnet shifts the focus to the speaker’s own gender. The speaker describes himself as “a man, that looks on glass,” which is a metaphor for a man who looks at his own reflection. This metaphor is used to highlight the speaker’s own self-awareness and introspection. The speaker then goes on to describe how he sees himself in the reflection, stating that he sees “his form and feature in his face.” This line is significant because it highlights the speaker’s own self-awareness and his understanding of his own physical appearance.

The third quatrain of the sonnet is where the gender themes become more prominent. The speaker describes how he sees “more inwardly” than just his physical appearance. He goes on to say that he sees “the soul’s fair store” and “the mind’s rich treasure.” This line is significant because it highlights the speaker’s understanding of the importance of inner beauty and the value of the mind and soul over physical appearance.

The final couplet of the sonnet brings all of these themes together. The speaker states that he loves the personified figure of beauty, but not in the way that others do. He loves her “not for her own sake,” but for the sake of her “virtue.” This line is significant because it highlights the speaker’s understanding of the true value of beauty and love. The speaker recognizes that true beauty and love are not just about physical appearance, but about inner virtue and character.

Overall, John Milton’s “Sonnet 20” is a beautiful and intricate piece of literature that explores the themes of beauty, love, and gender. The use of metaphors, personification, and imagery all work together to create a powerful and meaningful sonnet. The sonnet highlights the importance of inner beauty and the value of the mind and soul over physical appearance. It also challenges traditional gender roles and expectations by presenting a male speaker who values inner beauty over physical appearance. This sonnet is a timeless piece of literature that continues to resonate with readers today.

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