'Coal' by Audre Lorde


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I
is the total black, being spoken
from the earth's inside.
There are many kinds of open
how a diamond comes into a knot of flame
how sound comes into a words, coloured
by who pays what for speaking.

Some words are open like a diamond
on glass windows
singing out within the crash of sun
Then there are words like stapled wagers
in a perforated book—buy and sign and tear apart—
and come whatever will all chances
the stub remains
an ill-pulled tooth with a ragged edge.
Some words live in my throat
breeding like adders. Other know sun
seeking like gypsies over my tongue
to explode through my lips
like young sparrows bursting from shell.
Some words
bedevil me

Love is word, another kind of open.
As the diamond comes into a knot of flame
I am Black because I come from the earth's inside
Now take my word for jewel in the open light.


Anonymous submission.

Editor 1 Interpretation

Coal by Audre Lorde: A Critical Analysis

Introduction

Audre Lorde was a poet, feminist, and civil rights activist who had a significant impact on the black community. Her works are known for their powerful messages of social justice, feminism, and racial equality. One of her most famous poems is "Coal," which was published in 1976 in her collection "Between Our Selves." The poem is a perfect example of Lorde's style, which was characterized by vivid imagery, powerful language, and a deep understanding of the human experience.

In this literary analysis, we will explore the poem "Coal" by Audre Lorde and analyze its literary elements, themes, and meanings. By the end of this analysis, you will have a deeper understanding of the poem and its significance in the literary world.

Literary Analysis

The poem "Coal" is a beautifully crafted piece of poetry that is both powerful and moving. It is written in free verse, which allows Lorde to experiment with different forms and styles of writing. The poem is also characterized by its use of vivid imagery and metaphors, which help bring the words to life. Let's take a closer look at the literary elements that make up this poem.

Structure

The poem "Coal" is made up of three stanzas, each with five lines. The first and third stanzas have a rhyme scheme of ABABA, while the second stanza has a rhyme scheme of ABABB. The poem is written in free verse, which means that there is no set pattern of rhythm or meter. This allows Lorde to experiment with different styles of writing and to convey her message in a way that is unique to her own voice.

Imagery

The poem "Coal" is characterized by its vivid imagery and metaphors. Lorde uses the image of coal to represent the struggles of black women in society. She describes the coal as "the heart of the house," which is a metaphor for the role that black women have played in their families and communities. The coal is also described as "hard and black and shiny and smooth," which is a metaphor for the strength and resilience of black women.

Lorde also uses other images, such as the image of the moon and the sea, to convey her message. The moon is described as "a white frayed knot," which is a metaphor for the struggles of black women in a white-dominated society. The sea is described as "a coal-black sea," which is a metaphor for the struggles of black women in a world that is often hostile and unforgiving.

Language

The language used in the poem "Coal" is powerful and emotive. Lorde uses words such as "hard," "black," and "shiny" to describe the coal, which evoke strong emotions in the reader. She also uses words such as "fear," "dread," and "despair" to describe the struggles of black women, which convey the sense of hopelessness and despair that many women feel.

Lorde also uses repetition to emphasize her message. She repeats the phrase "I am black" three times in the poem, which is a powerful statement of identity and pride. She also repeats the phrase "I rise" at the end of the poem, which is a statement of strength and resilience.

Themes

The poem "Coal" is a powerful statement about the struggles of black women in society. It explores themes of identity, pride, resilience, and the search for meaning and purpose. Lorde uses the image of coal to represent the struggles of black women, who have been oppressed and marginalized throughout history.

The poem is also a celebration of blackness and a statement of pride. Lorde repeats the phrase "I am black" three times in the poem, which is a powerful statement of identity and pride. She also celebrates the strength and resilience of black women, who have survived despite the many obstacles that they have faced.

Interpretation

The poem "Coal" is a powerful statement about the struggles of black women in society. It is a celebration of blackness and a statement of pride, resilience, and strength. Lorde uses the image of coal to represent the struggles of black women, who have been oppressed and marginalized throughout history.

The poem can be interpreted in many different ways, depending on the reader's perspective. Some readers might see it as a statement of defiance and resilience in the face of adversity. Others might see it as a call to action, urging black women to stand up for their rights and to fight against oppression and discrimination.

In my opinion, the poem "Coal" is a powerful statement about the importance of identity and pride. Lorde emphasizes the importance of recognizing and celebrating one's identity, and she urges black women to embrace their blackness and to be proud of who they are. She also emphasizes the importance of resilience and strength, and she encourages black women to rise up and to overcome the many obstacles that they face.

Conclusion

The poem "Coal" by Audre Lorde is a powerful statement about the struggles of black women in society. It is a celebration of blackness and a statement of pride, resilience, and strength. Lorde uses the image of coal to represent the struggles of black women, who have been oppressed and marginalized throughout history.

The poem is characterized by its vivid imagery, powerful language, and deep understanding of the human experience. It is a perfect example of Lorde's style, which was characterized by her unique voice, her willingness to experiment with different forms and styles, and her commitment to social justice and equality.

Overall, the poem "Coal" is a timeless classic that continues to resonate with readers today. Its message of identity, pride, and resilience is just as relevant today as it was when it was first written. It is a testament to the power of poetry to inspire, to provoke thought, and to move people to action.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Coal by Audre Lorde is a powerful and evocative poem that explores the themes of identity, oppression, and resilience. The poem is a metaphor for the experiences of Black women in America, who have been historically marginalized and oppressed. Through the use of vivid imagery and powerful language, Lorde creates a compelling narrative that speaks to the struggles and triumphs of Black women.

The poem begins with the line, "I am coal." This simple statement sets the tone for the rest of the poem, as Lorde establishes the metaphor that will guide her exploration of identity and oppression. Coal is a substance that is often associated with darkness, dirt, and pollution. It is a material that is used to fuel fires, but it is also a material that is often overlooked and undervalued. In this sense, coal is a fitting metaphor for the experiences of Black women, who have been historically oppressed and undervalued in American society.

Lorde goes on to describe the process of coal formation, which involves intense pressure and heat. She writes, "And I remember the alchemists / who tried to make gold from coal / and I remember the ones who failed / to turn mud into diamonds." This imagery speaks to the idea that Black women have been subjected to intense pressure and heat throughout history, as they have struggled to survive and thrive in a society that has often been hostile to their existence. The reference to alchemists and their attempts to turn coal into gold is also significant, as it suggests that Black women have the potential to transform their experiences of oppression into something valuable and meaningful.

As the poem progresses, Lorde describes the ways in which coal is used and abused. She writes, "I have been used / to heat the homes of others / and my own heart has gone cold." This line speaks to the idea that Black women have often been used as a source of labor and energy for others, while their own needs and desires have been ignored. The reference to the coldness of the heart is also significant, as it suggests that Black women have been forced to suppress their emotions and desires in order to survive in a society that has often been hostile to their existence.

Despite the challenges and struggles that Black women have faced, Lorde's poem is ultimately a celebration of resilience and strength. She writes, "But I am coal / and I know the power of transformation." This line speaks to the idea that Black women have the ability to transform their experiences of oppression into something powerful and meaningful. The reference to transformation is also significant, as it suggests that Black women have the ability to change themselves and their circumstances, even in the face of intense pressure and heat.

In conclusion, Coal by Audre Lorde is a powerful and evocative poem that explores the themes of identity, oppression, and resilience. Through the use of vivid imagery and powerful language, Lorde creates a compelling narrative that speaks to the struggles and triumphs of Black women. The metaphor of coal is a fitting one, as it speaks to the experiences of Black women who have been historically marginalized and oppressed. Despite the challenges and struggles that Black women have faced, Lorde's poem is ultimately a celebration of resilience and strength, and a call to action for all those who seek to create a more just and equitable society.

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