'La Belle Dame Sans Merci' by John Keats


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Ah, what can ail thee, wretched wight,
Alone and palely loitering;
The sedge is wither'd from the lake,
And no birds sing.

Ah, what can ail thee, wretched wight,
So haggard and so woe-begone?
The squirrel's granary is full,
And the harvest's done.

I see a lily on thy brow,
With anguish moist and fever dew;
And on thy cheek a fading rose
Fast withereth too.

I met a lady in the meads
Full beautiful, a faery's child;
Her hair was long, her foot was light,
And her eyes were wild.

I set her on my pacing steed,
And nothing else saw all day long;
For sideways would she lean, and sing
A faery's song.

I made a garland for her head,
And bracelets too, and fragrant zone;
She look'd at me as she did love,
And made sweet moan.

She found me roots of relish sweet,
And honey wild, and manna dew;
And sure in language strange she said,
I love thee true.

She took me to her elfin grot,
And there she gaz'd and sighed deep,
And there I shut her wild sad eyes--
So kiss'd to sleep.

And there we slumber'd on the moss,
And there I dream'd, ah woe betide,
The latest dream I ever dream'd
On the cold hill side.

I saw pale kings, and princes too,
Pale warriors, death-pale were they all;
Who cry'd--"La belle Dame sans merci
Hath thee in thrall!"

I saw their starv'd lips in the gloam
With horrid warning gaped wide,
And I awoke, and found me here
On the cold hill side.

And this is why I sojourn here
Alone and palely loitering,
Though the sedge is wither'd from the lake,
And no birds sing.

Editor 1 Interpretation

La Belle Dame Sans Merci by John Keats: A Masterpiece of Romantic Poetry

If you're a fan of Romantic poetry, then you must have come across John Keats' La Belle Dame Sans Merci. The poem is a timeless masterpiece that has captured the imagination of generations of readers. But what makes this poem so special? In this literary criticism and interpretation, we'll explore the themes, symbols, and language that make La Belle Dame Sans Merci a true gem of Romantic poetry.

Background

Before we dive into the poem, let's first look at its context. La Belle Dame Sans Merci was written by John Keats in 1819, during what is known as his "great year" of poetry. In this year, Keats wrote some of his most famous works, including Ode to a Nightingale and Ode on a Grecian Urn.

Keats was a Romantic poet, and his works were characterized by his fascination with beauty, nature, and the imagination. He believed in the power of poetry to capture the essence of life and to transport readers to other worlds. La Belle Dame Sans Merci is no exception. The poem is a hauntingly beautiful tale of love, loss, and despair that has captivated readers for over 200 years.

Summary

La Belle Dame Sans Merci tells the story of a knight who meets a beautiful lady in a meadow. The lady is described as being "full beautiful" and wearing "a faery's child" on her brow. The knight is immediately enchanted by her beauty and falls under her spell.

The lady takes the knight to her "elfin grot," where she sings him to sleep. When he wakes up, he finds himself alone in the meadow. He realizes that he has been abandoned by the lady and is left with nothing but a "starved lips" and a "withered" face.

The poem ends with the knight telling the reader about his dream, in which he sees "pale kings and princes too" who have all been abandoned by the same lady. The knight realizes that he has been deceived by the lady and is now doomed to suffer the same fate as the others.

Themes

One of the most prominent themes in La Belle Dame Sans Merci is the theme of love and its destructive power. The knight is so enchanted by the lady's beauty that he falls under her spell and is willing to do anything for her. However, the lady is not what she seems, and her love is nothing but an illusion. The knight is left with nothing but pain and despair, and he realizes that love can be a dangerous game.

Another theme in the poem is the theme of illusion and deception. The lady is described as being beautiful and enchanting, but she is also described as being "sans merci," which means "without mercy." The knight is blinded by her beauty and does not see her true nature until it is too late. The lady is a symbol of the illusion and deception that can often accompany love and desire.

Finally, the theme of death and decay is also present in the poem. The knight is left with a "starved lips" and a "withered" face after being abandoned by the lady. He is a symbol of the decay and destruction that can come with love that is not true.

Symbols

One of the most powerful symbols in La Belle Dame Sans Merci is the symbol of the lady herself. She is described as being beautiful and enchanting, but she is also described as being "sans merci," which means "without mercy." The lady is a symbol of the illusion and deception that can often accompany love and desire. She is also a symbol of death and decay, as she leaves the knight with nothing but pain and despair.

Another symbol in the poem is the meadow. The meadow is a symbol of the natural world, which is often associated with the Romantic movement. The meadow is a place of beauty and tranquility, but it is also a place of danger, as the knight is lured into the lady's trap.

Finally, the dream that the knight experiences at the end of the poem is a powerful symbol. The dream is a symbol of the knight's realization that he has been deceived by the lady. The dream is also a symbol of the knight's fate, as he sees "pale kings and princes too" who have all been abandoned by the same lady. The dream is a warning to the reader about the dangers of love and the power of illusion and deception.

Language

One of the most striking things about La Belle Dame Sans Merci is its language. The poem is full of vivid imagery and powerful metaphors that capture the essence of the Romantic movement. The language of the poem is also full of contrasts, which adds to its power and beauty.

For example, the lady is described as being "full beautiful," but she is also described as being "sans merci." The meadow is a place of beauty and tranquility, but it is also a place of danger. The knight is described as being "alone and palely loitering," which captures his sense of despair and isolation.

Another striking aspect of the language in La Belle Dame Sans Merci is its use of repetition. The phrase "and there she wept" is repeated throughout the poem, which adds to its haunting beauty. The repetition of this phrase also emphasizes the lady's deception and the knight's despair.

Conclusion

In conclusion, La Belle Dame Sans Merci is a timeless masterpiece of Romantic poetry. Its themes of love, illusion, and death are still relevant today, and its symbols and language continue to captivate readers. John Keats was a master of the Romantic movement, and this poem is a testament to his talent and skill as a poet. If you haven't read La Belle Dame Sans Merci yet, then you're missing out on one of the greatest works of English literature. So go ahead and read it, and discover the magic of Romantic poetry for yourself!

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

La Belle Dame Sans Merci: A Timeless Tale of Love and Loss

John Keats, one of the most celebrated poets of the Romantic era, wrote La Belle Dame Sans Merci in 1819. This classic poem tells the story of a knight who falls in love with a beautiful woman, only to be left heartbroken and alone. The poem is a masterpiece of Romantic literature, filled with vivid imagery, powerful emotions, and a haunting sense of loss. In this article, we will explore the themes, symbols, and literary devices used in La Belle Dame Sans Merci, and analyze the poem's meaning and significance.

The poem begins with a description of a knight who is wandering alone in a desolate landscape. The knight is pale and haggard, and his eyes are filled with sorrow. He is approached by a beautiful woman, who is described as "a faery's child" with "wild eyes" and "long hair". The knight is immediately captivated by her beauty and falls deeply in love with her. He takes her to his "pale steed" and they ride off together.

The second stanza of the poem describes the knight's dream. In his dream, he sees "pale kings and princes too" who warn him that he is in danger. They tell him that the woman he loves is a "faery's child" who will bring him nothing but sorrow and pain. The knight wakes up from his dream and realizes that he is alone in a desolate landscape. The woman he loves is nowhere to be seen.

The third stanza of the poem describes the knight's despair. He is now "alone and palely loitering" in the same desolate landscape where he met the woman he loves. He is haunted by the memory of her beauty and the sound of her voice. He realizes that he has been abandoned by the woman he loves and that he will never see her again.

The fourth and final stanza of the poem describes the knight's realization that he has been deceived. He sees other knights who have also fallen in love with the same woman, and he realizes that she has left them all heartbroken and alone. He realizes that the woman he loves is a "faery's child" who has no mercy or compassion. He is left with nothing but his memories of her beauty and his sorrow.

La Belle Dame Sans Merci is a poem that explores the themes of love, loss, and deception. The knight is a symbol of the Romantic ideal of the passionate lover who is willing to risk everything for the sake of love. The woman he loves is a symbol of the destructive power of beauty and desire. She is a "faery's child" who represents the supernatural and the mysterious. She is also a symbol of the dangers of the unknown and the unpredictable.

The poem is filled with powerful imagery and literary devices. The desolate landscape where the knight wanders alone is a symbol of his emotional state. It represents his loneliness, his despair, and his sense of loss. The woman he loves is described as a "faery's child" with "wild eyes" and "long hair". These descriptions create a sense of otherworldliness and mystery. The dream sequence in the second stanza of the poem is a powerful example of Keats' use of imagery and symbolism. The "pale kings and princes too" who warn the knight of danger are a symbol of his subconscious mind. They represent his fears and his doubts about the woman he loves.

The poem is also filled with literary devices such as alliteration, repetition, and rhyme. The repetition of the phrase "and this is why" in the second stanza creates a sense of urgency and importance. The alliteration of the phrase "wild eyes" in the first stanza creates a sense of intensity and passion. The rhyme scheme of the poem is ABABCB, which creates a sense of symmetry and balance.

In conclusion, La Belle Dame Sans Merci is a timeless tale of love and loss. It is a masterpiece of Romantic literature that explores the themes of passion, beauty, and deception. The poem is filled with powerful imagery, literary devices, and symbolism. It is a testament to Keats' skill as a poet and his ability to capture the essence of human emotion. La Belle Dame Sans Merci is a poem that will continue to captivate readers for generations to come.

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