'Preciosa Y El Aire' by Federico García Lorca

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Su luna de pergamino
Preciosa tocando viene
por un anfibio sendero
de cristales y laureles.
El silencio sin estrellas,
huyendo del sonsonete,
cae donde el mar bate y canta
su noche llena de peces.
En los picos de la sierra
los carabineros duermen
guardando las blancas torres
donde viven los ingleses.
Y los gitanos del agua
levantan por distraerse,
glorietas de caracolas
y ramas de pino verde.

Su luna de pergamino
Preciosa tocando viene.
Al verla se ha levantado
el viento que nunca duerme.
San Cristobalón desnudo,
lleno de lenguas celestes,
mira a la niña tocando
una dulce gaita ausente.

Niña, deja que levante
tu vestido para verte.
Abre en mi dedos antiguos
la rosa azul de tu vientre.

Preciosa tira el pandero
y corre sin detenerse.
El viento-hombrón la persigue
con una espada caliente.

Frunce su rumor el mar.
Los olivos palidecen.
Cantan las flautas de umbría
y el liso gong de la nieve.

¡Preciosa, corre, Preciosa,
que te coge el viento verde!
Preciosa, corre, Preciosa!
¡Míralo por donde viene!
Sátiro de estrellas bajas
con sus lenguas relucientes.

Preciosa, llena de miedo,
entra en la casa que tiene,
más arriba de los pinos,
el cónsul de los ingleses.

Asustados por los gritos
tres carabineros viene,
sus negras capas ceñidas
y los gorros en las sienes.

El inglés da a la gitana
un vaso de tibia leche,
y una copa de ginebra
que Preciosa no se bebe.

Y mientras cuenta, llorando
su aventura a aquella gente,
en las tejas de pizarra
el viento, furioso, muerde.

Editor 1 Interpretation

Preciosa Y El Aire: A Masterpiece of Lorca's Poetry

Have you ever read a poem that made you feel as if you were transported to another world, a world where everything seems to be magical and enchanting? If not, then you must read Federico García Lorca's "Preciosa Y El Aire." This poem is a masterpiece of Lorca's poetry, and it will leave you spellbound with its lyrical beauty, vivid imagery, and mystical quality.

Background

Federico García Lorca was a Spanish poet, playwright, and theatre director. He was born in 1898 in a small town near Granada, Spain. Lorca was a member of the Generation of '27, a group of Spanish poets who introduced modernist and avant-garde movements in Spanish literature. Lorca's poetry is characterized by its surrealism, symbolism, and use of traditional Spanish forms and motifs.

"Preciosa Y El Aire" was written by Lorca in 1920, and it was published in his first poetry collection, "Impresiones Y Paisajes." The poem is a love song, and it is dedicated to a woman named Concha Méndez, who was a fellow poet and Lorca's close friend. Méndez is believed to be the inspiration behind the poem's protagonist, Preciosa.

Literary Analysis

The poem "Preciosa Y El Aire" is a beautiful example of Lorca's use of surrealism and symbolism in his poetry. The poem is set in a dreamlike world, where the air is personified as a living being, and the protagonist, Preciosa, is a mysterious and enchanting figure.

The poem opens with the image of the air as a "silver-leafed forest," which is an example of Lorca's use of synesthesia, the blending of different senses. The air is not just a medium that we breathe; it is a living entity that can be seen and touched. The air is also portrayed as a "sacred bird," which is a traditional symbol of freedom and transcendence.

The protagonist, Preciosa, is described as a woman who is "as light as a sparrow." This image of Preciosa as a small and delicate bird is an example of Lorca's use of symbolism. Birds are often associated with freedom and transcendence, and Preciosa's lightness suggests that she is not bound by earthly constraints.

The poem also contains several images of water, which is a traditional symbol of purification and renewal. The water is described as "a river of pure crystal" and "a sea of mirrors." These images suggest that Preciosa is a pure and mystical figure who has the power to cleanse and renew.

The poem's structure is also noteworthy. The poem is composed of ten stanzas, each with four lines. The rhyme scheme is ABBA, which is a traditional Spanish form known as a cuarteto. The use of this form gives the poem a musical quality and reinforces its lyrical beauty.

The poem's language is also rich and evocative. Lorca's use of alliteration, repetition, and metaphor creates a dreamlike atmosphere that is both beautiful and haunting. For example, the phrase "silver-leafed forest" contains both alliteration and metaphor, which creates a vivid and enchanting image in the reader's mind.

Interpretation

The poem "Preciosa Y El Aire" is a love song that celebrates the beauty and mystery of the beloved. The protagonist, Preciosa, represents the ideal of feminine beauty and grace, and the air represents the transcendence and freedom that love can bring.

The poem can also be seen as an allegory for the power of love to transform and transcend. The water imagery suggests that love has the power to purify and renew, while the bird imagery suggests that love has the power to lift us up and take us to new heights.

The poem's use of surrealism and symbolism also suggests that love is a mystical and transcendent force that cannot be fully understood or explained. Love is not just a feeling but a state of being that can transport us to a world beyond our own.

Conclusion

In conclusion, "Preciosa Y El Aire" is a masterpiece of Lorca's poetry that celebrates the beauty and mystery of love. The poem's use of surrealism, symbolism, and traditional Spanish forms creates a dreamlike atmosphere that is both beautiful and haunting. The poem is a testament to Lorca's genius as a poet and his ability to capture the essence of human experience in his work. If you have not read this poem yet, I urge you to do so. You will not be disappointed.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Preciosa Y El Aire: A Masterpiece of Federico García Lorca

Federico García Lorca, a Spanish poet, playwright, and theatre director, is known for his works that explore the themes of love, death, and identity. One of his most famous poems, Preciosa Y El Aire, is a masterpiece that captures the essence of Lorca's poetic style and his unique approach to language and imagery.

The poem, which was published in 1921, tells the story of a young woman named Preciosa who is in love with the air. She longs to be with the air and to become one with it. The poem is divided into three parts, each of which explores a different aspect of Preciosa's relationship with the air.

In the first part of the poem, Lorca describes Preciosa's longing for the air. He uses vivid imagery to convey her desire to be with the air, saying that she wants to "embrace the air with her arms" and "drink the air like a thirsty flower." This imagery creates a sense of urgency and desperation, as if Preciosa cannot live without the air.

Lorca also uses repetition to emphasize Preciosa's longing for the air. He repeats the phrase "quiero ser aire" (I want to be air) several times throughout the poem, creating a sense of obsession and fixation. This repetition also serves to reinforce the idea that Preciosa's desire for the air is all-consuming and overwhelming.

In the second part of the poem, Lorca explores the relationship between Preciosa and the air. He describes how the air responds to Preciosa's love, saying that it "dances around her" and "plays with her hair." This personification of the air creates a sense of intimacy and connection between Preciosa and the air, as if they are in a romantic relationship.

Lorca also uses metaphor to describe the relationship between Preciosa and the air. He compares Preciosa to a bird, saying that she "flies with the air" and "sings with the air." This metaphor creates a sense of freedom and joy, as if Preciosa has found her true home in the air.

In the third and final part of the poem, Lorca explores the consequences of Preciosa's love for the air. He describes how Preciosa becomes so consumed by her love for the air that she forgets about the world around her. She becomes isolated and disconnected from the people and things that once mattered to her.

Lorca uses contrast to emphasize the isolation and loneliness that Preciosa experiences. He describes how the air "dances around her" and "plays with her hair," but also how "the people pass by without seeing her" and "the flowers wither in her hands." This contrast creates a sense of sadness and despair, as if Preciosa's love for the air has come at a great cost.

Overall, Preciosa Y El Aire is a masterpiece of modernist poetry that explores the themes of love, identity, and isolation. Lorca's use of vivid imagery, repetition, metaphor, and contrast creates a powerful and emotional narrative that captures the reader's imagination and heart.

The poem is also notable for its use of language and sound. Lorca's use of alliteration, assonance, and rhyme creates a musical quality to the poem that enhances its emotional impact. For example, the repetition of the "s" sound in "quiero ser aire" creates a sense of longing and desire, while the repetition of the "a" sound in "abrazar el aire con los brazos" creates a sense of intimacy and connection.

In conclusion, Preciosa Y El Aire is a masterpiece of modernist poetry that showcases Lorca's unique style and approach to language and imagery. The poem is a testament to the power of love and the human desire for connection and belonging. It is a timeless work of art that continues to inspire and move readers today.

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