'Let America Be America Again' by Langston Hughes


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Let America be America again.
Let it be the dream it used to be.
Let it be the pioneer on the plain
Seeking a home where he himself is free.(America never was America to me.)Let America be the dream the dreamers dreamed--
Let it be that great strong land of love
Where never kings connive nor tyrants scheme
That any man be crushed by one above.(It never was America to me.)O, let my land be a land where Liberty
Is crowned with no false patriotic wreath,
But opportunity is real, and life is free,
Equality is in the air we breathe.(There's never been equality for me,
Nor freedom in this "homeland of the free.")

Editor 1 Interpretation

Let America Be America Again: A Critique and Interpretation

Langston Hughes and His Time

Langston Hughes is one of the most recognized poets of the 20th century. Born in Joplin, Missouri, in 1902, Hughes lived through a period of tremendous social, political, and economic change in America. He was part of the Harlem Renaissance, a cultural movement that celebrated Black art and literature in the 1920s and 1930s. Hughes's work reflects his experiences as a Black man in America and his commitment to social justice.

Among his most famous poems is "Let America Be America Again," which was first published in Esquire magazine in 1936. The poem is a powerful critique of the American Dream and the ways in which it has failed to live up to its promise for many Americans, particularly people of color, immigrants, and the working class.

Structure and Style

"Let America Be America Again" is a long and complex poem, consisting of 14 stanzas and over 80 lines. The poem does not follow a strict rhyme scheme, but it does make use of repetition, alliteration, and other poetic devices to create a powerful and memorable message.

The poem is structured around the repeated phrase "let America be America again," which appears at the beginning and end of each stanza. This repetition creates a sense of urgency and emphasizes the central message of the poem: that America has fallen short of its promise, but that there is still hope for a better future.

The poem is written in a conversational tone, with short, simple sentences and a mix of formal and informal language. Hughes uses slang and colloquialisms to create a sense of authenticity and to connect with his audience. The poem also makes use of rhetorical questions, addressing the reader directly and challenging them to think critically about the American Dream and its failures.

Themes and Interpretation

"Let America Be America Again" is a powerful critique of the American Dream and the ways in which it has failed to live up to its promise. The poem challenges the reader to think critically about the values and ideals that America claims to represent, and to consider the ways in which those values have been compromised by greed, inequality, and oppression.

The poem begins by acknowledging the idealized version of America that many people believe in, but quickly moves on to challenge that idealization:

Let America be America again.
Let it be the dream it used to be.
Let it be the pioneer on the plain
Seeking a home where he himself is free.

The poem recognizes the importance of the American Dream and the ideals of freedom and equality that it represents. However, it also acknowledges that those ideals have not been realized for many Americans:

America never was America to me,
And yet I swear this oath—
America will be!

Hughes's use of the phrase "America will be" is significant here, as it suggests that he believes in the possibility of a better future. The poem is not simply a critique of America, but also a call to action.

One of the most powerful themes of the poem is the idea that America has failed to live up to its promise for people of color, immigrants, and the working class. Throughout the poem, Hughes gives voice to these marginalized groups and highlights their struggle for equality and justice:

I am the poor white, fooled and pushed apart,
I am the Negro bearing slavery's scars.
I am the red man driven from the land,
I am the immigrant clutching the hope I seek—
And finding only the same old stupid plan
Of dog eat dog, of mighty crush the weak.

Here, Hughes uses the voices of different marginalized groups to create a sense of solidarity and to emphasize the ways in which they have all been oppressed by the same system. The poem challenges the reader to think about the ways in which their own privilege and position in society may have contributed to that oppression.

Another important theme of the poem is the idea of hope and resilience in the face of oppression. Despite the many challenges facing marginalized groups in America, Hughes suggests that there is still hope for a better future:

O, let America be America again—
The land that never has been yet—
And yet must be—the land where every man is free.
The land that's mine—the poor man's, Indian's, Negro's, ME—
Who made America,
Whose sweat and blood, whose faith and pain,
Whose hand at the foundry, whose plow in the rain,
Must bring back our mighty dream again.

Here, Hughes emphasizes the importance of collective action and the role that ordinary people can play in bringing about change. The poem suggests that although the American Dream has been compromised, it is still possible to reclaim it through hard work, resilience, and a commitment to social justice.

Conclusion

"Let America Be America Again" is a powerful and complex poem that challenges the reader to think critically about the American Dream and the ways in which it has failed to live up to its promise. Through its use of repetition, alliteration, and other poetic devices, the poem creates a sense of urgency and emphasizes the importance of collective action and resilience in the face of oppression.

Hughes's work remains relevant today, as America continues to grapple with issues of inequality, racism, and social injustice. "Let America Be America Again" is a reminder that the struggle for social justice is ongoing, but that there is always hope for a better future.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Let America Be America Again: A Poem of Hope and Struggle

Langston Hughes, one of the most celebrated poets of the Harlem Renaissance, wrote the poem "Let America Be America Again" in 1935. The poem is a powerful call to action, a plea for America to live up to its ideals of freedom, equality, and justice for all. In this analysis, we will explore the themes, structure, and language of the poem, and examine how it speaks to the struggles and hopes of people of all races and backgrounds.

The poem begins with a bold declaration: "Let America be America again." This line sets the tone for the rest of the poem, which is a passionate plea for America to return to its roots as a land of opportunity and freedom. Hughes uses repetition throughout the poem to emphasize this point, repeating the phrase "Let America be America again" several times. This repetition creates a sense of urgency and emphasizes the importance of the poem's message.

The poem is divided into three sections, each of which explores a different aspect of the American experience. The first section focuses on the struggles of the working class, the second on the struggles of African Americans, and the third on the struggles of immigrants. In each section, Hughes uses vivid imagery and powerful language to convey the pain and suffering of those who have been left behind by the American dream.

In the first section, Hughes describes the plight of the working class, who have been exploited and oppressed by the wealthy elite. He writes:

"O, let America be America again— The land that never has been yet— And yet must be—the land where every man is free. The land that's mine—the poor man's, Indian's, Negro's, ME— Who made America, Whose sweat and blood, whose faith and pain, Whose hand at the foundry, whose plow in the rain, Must bring back our mighty dream again."

Here, Hughes is calling for a return to the ideals of the American dream, which he sees as being threatened by the greed and corruption of the wealthy elite. He emphasizes the role that the working class has played in building America, and the importance of their contributions to the country's success.

In the second section, Hughes turns his attention to the struggles of African Americans, who have been denied their rights and freedoms for centuries. He writes:

"I am the Negro, servant to you all, I am the people, humble, hungry, mean— Hungry yet today despite the dream. Beaten yet today—O, Pioneers! I am the man who never got ahead, The poorest worker bartered through the years."

Here, Hughes is speaking from the perspective of an African American, highlighting the injustices and inequalities that they have faced throughout American history. He emphasizes the persistence of racism and discrimination, despite the promises of freedom and equality enshrined in the Constitution.

In the third section, Hughes focuses on the struggles of immigrants, who have come to America in search of a better life. He writes:

"I'm the immigrant clutching the hope I seek— And finding only the same old stupid plan Of dog eat dog, of mighty crush the weak."

Here, Hughes is highlighting the challenges that immigrants face in America, including discrimination and exploitation. He emphasizes the importance of welcoming and supporting immigrants, who have contributed so much to the country's success.

Throughout the poem, Hughes uses powerful language and vivid imagery to convey the struggles and hopes of people of all races and backgrounds. He emphasizes the importance of unity and solidarity, calling for Americans to come together to fight for a better future. He writes:

"O, let America be America again— The land that never has been yet— And yet must be—the land where every man is free."

Here, Hughes is calling for a return to the ideals of the American dream, which he sees as being threatened by the greed and corruption of the wealthy elite. He emphasizes the importance of working together to create a more just and equitable society, where everyone has the opportunity to succeed.

In conclusion, "Let America Be America Again" is a powerful and inspiring poem that speaks to the struggles and hopes of people of all races and backgrounds. Hughes uses vivid imagery and powerful language to convey the pain and suffering of those who have been left behind by the American dream, and to call for a return to the ideals of freedom, equality, and justice for all. The poem is a reminder that America has always been a work in progress, and that it is up to all of us to work together to create a better future for ourselves and for future generations.

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