'The Rival' by Sylvia Plath


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If the moon smiled, she would resemble you.
You leave the same impression
Of something beautiful, but annihilating.
Both of you are great light borrowers.
Her O-mouth grieves at the world; yours is unaffected,

And your first gift is making stone out of everything.
I wake to a mausoleum; you are here,
Ticking your fingers on the marble table, looking for cigarettes,
Spiteful as a woman, but not so nervous,
And dying to say something unanswerable.

The moon, too, abuses her subjects,
But in the daytime she is ridiculous.
Your dissatisfactions, on the other hand,
Arrive through the mailslot with loving regularity,
White and blank, expansive as carbon monoxide.

No day is safe from news of you,
Walking about in Africa maybe, but thinking of me.

Editor 1 Interpretation

The Rival by Sylvia Plath: Literary Criticism and Interpretation

Sylvia Plath is one of the most celebrated poets of the 20th century, and her poetry reflects the complexities of her life and the struggles she faced. One of her most emotionally charged poems is "The Rival," which delves into the themes of love, jealousy, and betrayal. The poem is a stunning example of Plath's mastery of language and imagery, and it demands careful analysis to fully appreciate its richness and depth.

Background Information

"The Rival" was written in 1962, just a year before Plath's death. It was published posthumously in the collection "Ariel" in 1965. The poem was inspired by Plath's feelings of jealousy towards her husband, the poet Ted Hughes, and his relationship with another woman. The poem reflects Plath's anguish and despair, as she struggles to come to terms with the end of her marriage and the betrayal she feels.

Analysis

The poem is structured as a series of three-line stanzas, each with a rhyme scheme of ABA. The brevity of each stanza gives the poem a staccato rhythm, which adds to the sense of urgency and desperation conveyed in the words. The poem is also notable for its use of vivid imagery, which is both startling and disturbing.

The first stanza of the poem sets the tone for the rest of the work. Plath describes the "dull, blunt" mirror that hangs on her wall, which she sees as a rival for her husband's affections. The imagery of the mirror as a rival is both strange and powerful, and it immediately draws the reader into the emotional landscape of the poem.

In the second stanza, Plath expands on the theme of the mirror as a rival, describing it as "the enemy I confront every day." She sees in the mirror not only a reflection of her physical self but also a reflection of her emotional turmoil. The lines "Each morning it is her face that replaces the darkness/In me, she has drowned a young girl" are particularly powerful, as they convey the sense of loss and despair that Plath feels.

The third stanza is notable for its use of religious imagery. Plath describes herself as "a nun in black" who is "dragged off to her cell." The image of a nun suggests a life of sacrifice and devotion, but in this context, it also suggests a sense of imprisonment and despair. The final line of the stanza, "The mirror gives back a woman without deformity," is a poignant reminder of the power of the mirror to reflect not only physical but also emotional and psychological states.

The fourth stanza is perhaps the most disturbing in the poem. Plath describes the mirror as "a terrible fish" that "drags me down." The image of the mirror as a fish is both surreal and unsettling, and it suggests the idea of the mirror as a devouring force that consumes everything in its path. The final line of the stanza, "I am a window,/A woman behind it," suggests the idea of the self as a barrier between the outside world and inner turmoil.

In the fifth stanza, Plath returns to the theme of the mirror as a rival for her husband's affections. She describes how the mirror "eats men like air," suggesting the idea of the mirror as a seductive force that lures men to their destruction. The line "And the first victim lies slain/In her there are wheels that turn in the tides" is particularly powerful, as it suggests the idea of the mirror as a kind of vortex that draws men in and destroys them.

The final stanza of the poem is a masterful conclusion to the work. Plath describes how the mirror "reflects a terrible likeness" of herself, and how she is "riddled with scars." The final line of the poem, "It is they who own me," is a powerful reminder of the sense of powerlessness that Plath feels in the face of her own emotions and the forces that control her life.

Interpretation

The themes of love, jealousy, and betrayal are central to "The Rival," and they reflect the emotional landscape of Plath's life at the time of the poem's composition. The image of the mirror as a rival for her husband's affections is particularly poignant, as it suggests the idea of an external force that threatens to destroy the bonds between the two lovers.

The use of vivid imagery throughout the poem is also significant. Plath's images are often surreal and disturbing, and they reflect the intensity of the emotions that she is trying to convey. The image of the mirror as a fish is particularly powerful, as it suggests the idea of a devouring force that consumes everything in its path.

The religious imagery that appears in the poem is also significant. Plath's use of the image of a nun suggests a life of sacrifice and devotion, but it also suggests a sense of imprisonment and despair. The idea of the self as a barrier between the outside world and inner turmoil is also an important theme in the poem.

Overall, "The Rival" is a powerful and emotionally charged poem that reflects the complexities of Plath's life and the struggles she faced. The vivid imagery and intense language of the poem demand careful analysis, and it is a work that rewards close attention and consideration.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

The Rival: A Masterpiece of Sylvia Plath

Sylvia Plath is one of the most celebrated poets of the 20th century, known for her confessional style of writing and her ability to capture the complexities of human emotions. Her poem, The Rival, is a masterpiece that explores the themes of jealousy, competition, and the fear of losing someone you love. In this article, we will analyze and explain the poem in detail, highlighting its key themes, literary devices, and the overall message that Plath is trying to convey.

The Rival is a poem that is written in free verse, with no set rhyme or meter. The poem is divided into three stanzas, each with a different focus. The first stanza sets the scene and introduces the main characters, while the second stanza delves deeper into the emotions of the speaker. The third and final stanza brings the poem to a close, with the speaker coming to a realization about her own feelings.

The poem begins with the speaker describing a scene in which she and her lover are sitting together, watching a sunset. However, their peaceful moment is interrupted by the arrival of a rival, who is described as "a red balloon full of hot air." The rival is a metaphor for the speaker's own feelings of jealousy and insecurity, as she fears that her lover will leave her for someone else.

The second stanza is where the poem really comes to life, as Plath uses vivid imagery and powerful metaphors to convey the speaker's emotions. The speaker describes the rival as "a fat gold watch," which is a symbol of wealth and status. She also compares the rival to a "black telephone," which represents communication and connection. These metaphors show how the speaker sees the rival as a threat to her own relationship, as she believes that the rival has something that she does not.

The speaker's jealousy is further highlighted in the third line of the second stanza, where she says, "I cannot run, I cannot chase." This line shows how the speaker feels powerless in the face of the rival, as she is unable to compete with her. The speaker's fear of losing her lover is also evident in the line, "I am branded by an impression of sunlight." This line suggests that the speaker is afraid of being left in the shadows, as the rival takes her place in the sun.

The third and final stanza brings the poem to a close, with the speaker coming to a realization about her own feelings. She says, "I am the arrow, the dew that flies, Suicidal, at one with the drive Into the red Eye, the cauldron of morning." This line shows how the speaker has come to accept her own mortality, and is willing to take risks in order to hold onto what she loves. The final line of the poem, "I am the heart, the blue bird, that sings," is a powerful statement of the speaker's own identity, as she asserts herself as the one who is capable of love and devotion.

In terms of literary devices, The Rival is a masterclass in metaphor and imagery. Plath uses metaphors throughout the poem to convey the speaker's emotions, with the rival being compared to a red balloon, a fat gold watch, and a black telephone. These metaphors are powerful because they create a vivid image in the reader's mind, and help to convey the speaker's feelings of jealousy and insecurity.

The use of imagery is also a key feature of the poem, with Plath using vivid descriptions of the sunset, the rival, and the speaker's own emotions. The line, "I am branded by an impression of sunlight," is a particularly powerful example of imagery, as it creates a vivid image of the speaker being marked by the sun's rays.

In terms of themes, The Rival explores the complex emotions of jealousy and competition, as well as the fear of losing someone you love. The poem is a powerful exploration of these themes, as it shows how jealousy can consume a person and make them feel powerless. However, the poem also shows how the speaker is able to come to a realization about her own feelings, and assert her own identity in the face of competition.

Overall, The Rival is a masterpiece of poetry, and a testament to Sylvia Plath's skill as a writer. The poem is a powerful exploration of the themes of jealousy and competition, and is filled with vivid imagery and powerful metaphors. It is a poem that will stay with the reader long after they have finished reading it, and is a testament to the enduring power of poetry.

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