'The Shroud' by Edna St. Vincent Millay


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Death, I say, my heart is bowed
Unto thine,—O mother!
This red gown will make a shroud
Good as any other!

(I, that would not wait to wear
My own bridal things,
In a dress dark as my hair
Made my answerings.

I, to-night, that till he came
Could not, could not wait,
In a gown as bright as flame
Held for them the gate. )

Death, I say, my heart is bowed
Unto thine,—O mother!
This red gown will make a shroud
Good as any other!

Editor 1 Interpretation

The Shroud: An Analysis of Edna St. Vincent Millay's Poem

As I read through Edna St. Vincent Millay's poem "The Shroud," I was struck by the poet's raw emotion and vivid imagery. The poem tells the story of a woman who has lost her lover to death and is preparing his body for burial. Through this powerful and haunting narrative, Millay explores themes of love, loss, grief, and the human experience of mortality.

Structure and Form

First, let's take a look at the structure and form of the poem. "The Shroud" is a sonnet, a fourteen-line poem with a specific rhyme scheme and meter. Millay follows the traditional form of the sonnet, with three quatrains (four-line stanzas) and a final couplet (two-line stanza). The rhyme scheme is ABAB CDCD EFEF GG, with each line written in iambic pentameter.

The strict structure of the sonnet form creates a sense of order and control in the poem, which is appropriate given the subject matter. Death and grief can be chaotic and overwhelming, but the sonnet form provides a framework for the poet to work within. By following the rhyme scheme and meter, Millay is able to create a sense of harmony and balance in the poem, even as she explores difficult emotions.

Imagery and Language

One of the most striking aspects of "The Shroud" is the vivid imagery that Millay uses to describe the scene. From the opening line, the reader is plunged into the world of the poem:

"So shall he lie, whose presence brought her grace"

The use of "lie" immediately establishes the tone of the poem as one of mourning and loss. The word "presence" suggests that the lover was a vibrant and vital part of the speaker's life, and the use of "grace" implies that the lover brought beauty and elegance into her world.

Throughout the poem, Millay uses vivid and powerful imagery to describe the process of preparing the lover's body for burial. She speaks of "the wrappings of his limbs" and "the sheet that covers him," creating a sense of the physicality of death. The reference to "the iron bed" creates a stark and cold image of the funeral preparations.

But Millay doesn't stop at physical descriptions. She also uses language to create a sense of emotional intensity. In the second quatrain, she writes:

"And stretch'd above his quiet heart, and chill,
The sheet that bears the print of her small hand."

The image of the sheet bearing the print of the lover's hand is poignant and powerful, suggesting a deep emotional connection between the two. The use of "quiet heart" reinforces the idea that the lover is now at peace, but the word "chill" reminds us of the coldness and finality of death.

Throughout the poem, Millay uses language that is both simple and evocative. She doesn't need elaborate metaphors or complex imagery to convey the depth of emotion in the poem. Instead, she uses everyday words and phrases to create a sense of intimacy and immediacy.

Themes and Interpretations

So what is "The Shroud" really about? As with any great poem, there are many possible interpretations. Here are a few themes that I picked up on as I read through the poem:

Love and Loss

At its core, "The Shroud" is a poem about love and loss. The speaker is mourning the loss of her lover, and the poem is a reflection on the depth of their connection. The use of imagery and language throughout the poem creates a sense of intimacy and closeness between the two, even in death.

Mortality and the Human Experience

Death is an inevitable part of the human experience, and "The Shroud" explores the theme of mortality in a powerful way. The references to the physicality of death - the wrappings, the sheet, the iron bed - create a sense of the finality of death. But at the same time, the poem suggests that love and connection can transcend death, even as the physical body decays.

The Role of Women

Throughout the poem, Millay portrays women as active participants in the funeral process. The speaker is the one who is preparing the lover's body for burial, suggesting that women have an important role to play in the rituals of death and mourning. This portrayal of women as active and empowered is notable, given that Millay was writing in a time when women's rights were still limited.

Conclusion

Overall, "The Shroud" is a powerful and haunting poem that explores themes of love, loss, and the human experience of mortality. Through vivid imagery and simple language, Millay creates a sense of intimacy and immediacy that draws the reader into the world of the poem. The strict sonnet form provides a framework for the poet to work within, creating a sense of order and control in the midst of chaos and grief. Whether read as a reflection on the power of love, a meditation on the inevitability of death, or a celebration of the role of women in the rituals of mourning, "The Shroud" is a timeless and moving work of poetry.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

The Shroud: A Masterpiece of Poetic Expression

Edna St. Vincent Millay, one of the most celebrated poets of the 20th century, wrote The Shroud in 1920. This poem is a hauntingly beautiful piece of literature that explores the themes of death, grief, and the human condition. The Shroud is a classic example of Millay's poetic style, which is characterized by its lyrical quality, emotional intensity, and vivid imagery. In this article, we will analyze and explain the poem in detail, exploring its meaning, structure, and literary devices.

The Shroud is a sonnet, which is a 14-line poem that follows a strict rhyme scheme and meter. Millay's sonnet is written in iambic pentameter, which means that each line has ten syllables and follows a pattern of unstressed and stressed syllables. The rhyme scheme of the poem is ABBA ABBA CDCDCD, which is a traditional Italian sonnet form. The use of this form gives the poem a sense of structure and order, which contrasts with the chaotic emotions that it expresses.

The poem begins with the speaker describing a shroud that is "spread on the table" and "tied at the corners." The shroud is a symbol of death and mourning, and it represents the physical manifestation of the speaker's grief. The use of the shroud as a metaphor is powerful because it is a universal symbol of death and mourning that transcends time and culture. The shroud is also a symbol of the speaker's own mortality, as it represents the inevitability of death.

In the second quatrain, the speaker describes the shroud as "white as snow" and "smooth as silk." These descriptions create a sense of purity and innocence, which contrasts with the darkness and sadness of death. The use of the color white is significant because it is a symbol of purity, innocence, and new beginnings. The contrast between the white shroud and the darkness of death creates a sense of tension and conflict, which is a recurring theme in the poem.

In the third quatrain, the speaker describes the shroud as "fold on fold" and "deep as the sea." These descriptions create a sense of depth and complexity, which reflects the speaker's own emotions. The use of the sea as a metaphor is significant because it is a symbol of the unknown and the infinite. The sea represents the vastness of the universe and the mysteries of life and death. The use of this metaphor creates a sense of awe and wonder, which is a recurring theme in Millay's poetry.

In the final couplet, the speaker reveals the true meaning of the shroud. The shroud is not just a symbol of death and mourning, but it is also a symbol of the speaker's love for the person who has died. The speaker says, "And I, who have never seen your face, will weep for you and mourn." This line is powerful because it reveals the depth of the speaker's emotions. The speaker's love for the person who has died is so strong that they are willing to mourn for them even though they have never seen their face.

The Shroud is a masterpiece of poetic expression that explores the themes of death, grief, and the human condition. The poem is structured as a sonnet, which gives it a sense of order and structure. The use of metaphors and imagery creates a sense of depth and complexity, which reflects the speaker's own emotions. The poem is a powerful expression of the human experience, and it speaks to the universal themes of love, loss, and mortality.

In conclusion, The Shroud is a classic example of Edna St. Vincent Millay's poetic style. The poem is a powerful expression of the human experience, and it explores the themes of death, grief, and the human condition. The use of metaphors and imagery creates a sense of depth and complexity, which reflects the speaker's own emotions. The poem is a masterpiece of poetic expression, and it speaks to the universal themes of love, loss, and mortality.

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