'Sweeney Erect' by Thomas Stearns Eliot


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And the trees about me,
Let them be dry and leafless; let the rocks
Groan with continual surges; and behind me
Make all a desolation. Look, look, wenches!


Paint me a cavernous waste shore
Cast in the unstilted Cyclades,
Paint me the bold anfractuous rocks
Faced by the snarled and yelping seas.

Display me Aeolus above
Reviewing the insurgent gales
Which tangle Ariadne's hair
And swell with haste the perjured sails.

Morning stirs the feet and hands
(Nausicaa and Polypheme),
Gesture of orang-outang
Rises from the sheets in steam.

This withered root of knots of hair
Slitted below and gashed with eyes,
This oval O cropped out with teeth:
The sickle motion from the thighs

Jackknifes upward at the knees
Then straightens out from heel to hip
Pushing the framework of the bed
And clawing at the pillow slip.

Sweeney addressed full length to shave
Broadbottomed, pink from nape to base,
Knows the female temperament
And wipes the suds around his face.

(The lengthened shadow of a man
Is history, said Emerson
Who had not seen the silhouette
Of Sweeney straddled in the sun).

Tests the razor on his leg
Waiting until the shriek subsides.
The epileptic on the bed
Curves backward, clutching at her sides.

The ladies of the corridor
Find themselves involved, disgraced,
Call witness to their principles
And deprecate the lack of taste

Observing that hysteria
Might easily be misunderstood;
Mrs. Turner intimates
It does the house no sort of good.

But Doris, towelled from the bath,
Enters padding on broad feet,
Bringing sal volatile
And a glass of brandy neat.

Editor 1 Interpretation

Sweeney Erect: A Poem of Modernist Fragmentation

Thomas Stearns Eliot's "Sweeney Erect" is a poem that defies easy interpretation. Written in the aftermath of World War I and the dissolution of traditional values, the poem is a reflection of the fragmentation and dislocation of modernist consciousness. Eliot employs a variety of techniques, from fragmented syntax to surrealistic imagery, to convey the sense of alienation and despair that characterizes the modern world. In this essay, I will explore the themes and techniques of "Sweeney Erect," and argue that it is a powerful representation of the modernist condition.

The Dislocation of Modernist Consciousness

One of the primary themes of "Sweeney Erect" is the sense of dislocation and fragmentation that characterizes modernist consciousness. Eliot portrays the world as a place where traditional values and structures have been eroded, leaving individuals adrift in a sea of confusion and uncertainty. The poem begins with an image of a man "sitting on the steps of a public building," a figure who is both disengaged from society and yet deeply immersed in it. The man is described in fragmented, disjointed language, a technique that reflects the sense of dislocation and fragmentation that characterizes the modernist consciousness.

As the poem progresses, Eliot introduces a series of surrealistic images that further underscore the sense of dislocation and fragmentation. Sweeney, the poem's protagonist, is depicted as a figure who is both repulsive and alluring, embodying the contradictions and complexities of modernist experience. He is described as "hairy and crude," a figure who is "grunting and sweating" as he engages in sexual activity. Yet he is also portrayed as a figure of power and vitality, a man who is "erect" in both the physical and metaphorical senses.

The Fragmented Syntax of Modernist Poetry

Eliot employs a variety of techniques to convey the sense of dislocation and fragmentation that characterizes modernist consciousness. One of the most striking of these techniques is his use of fragmented syntax, a technique that reflects the breakdown of traditional language and structure. The poem is filled with incomplete sentences, jarring juxtapositions, and abrupt changes in tone and mood. This fragmented syntax creates a sense of disorientation and confusion, mirroring the sense of dislocation and fragmentation that characterizes modernist experience.

One example of Eliot's fragmented syntax can be found in the following lines:

And Sweeney knows the place where Moses stood aghast. And Sweeney knows the place where Jonah went down to the belly of the whale. And Sweeney knows the place where Lucifer fell. And Sweeney knows the place where Michael slew the dragon.

These lines are filled with incomplete sentences and jarring juxtapositions, creating a sense of disorientation and confusion. The references to Biblical figures and events add to the sense of fragmentation and dislocation, as traditional religious values are subverted and distorted.

The Surrealistic Imagery of Modernist Poetry

In addition to his use of fragmented syntax, Eliot also employs surrealistic imagery to convey the sense of dislocation and fragmentation that characterizes modernist consciousness. The poem is filled with bizarre and unsettling images, such as the following:

The hot water at ten. And if it rains, a closed car at four. And we shall play a game of chess, Pressing lidless eyes and waiting for a knock upon the door.

These lines are filled with surrealistic imagery, creating a sense of dislocation and detachment. The references to time and weather add to the sense of disorientation, as the poem's setting remains ambiguous and undefined.

The Power of Modernist Fragmentation

Despite its sense of dislocation and fragmentation, "Sweeney Erect" is a powerful and evocative poem that captures the complexities and contradictions of modernist experience. Eliot's use of fragmented syntax and surrealistic imagery creates a sense of disorientation and confusion, mirroring the sense of dislocation and fragmentation that characterizes modernist consciousness. At the same time, the poem is filled with intense and powerful images, such as the depiction of Sweeney as a figure of power and vitality.

In conclusion, "Sweeney Erect" is a powerful representation of the modernist condition. Eliot's use of fragmented syntax and surrealistic imagery creates a sense of disorientation and fragmentation, reflecting the breakdown of traditional values and structures. Yet the poem is also filled with powerful and evocative images, capturing the complexities and contradictions of modernist experience. As a result, "Sweeney Erect" stands as a testament to the enduring power of modernist poetry.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Poetry Sweeney Erect: An Analysis of T.S. Eliot's Masterpiece

T.S. Eliot's Poetry Sweeney Erect is a masterpiece of modernist poetry that explores the themes of masculinity, violence, and the human condition. Written in 1926, the poem is a part of Eliot's larger work, Sweeney Agonistes, which is a series of dramatic monologues that revolve around the character of Sweeney, a violent and unstable man who is struggling to come to terms with his own identity and place in the world.

The poem is divided into three parts, each of which explores a different aspect of Sweeney's character and psyche. In the first part, Sweeney is depicted as a powerful and virile man who is obsessed with his own masculinity. He is described as "erect and muscular," and his physical strength is contrasted with the weakness and fragility of the women around him. This emphasis on masculinity and physical power is a recurring theme throughout the poem, and it reflects the anxieties and insecurities of the modernist era, which was marked by a sense of cultural and social upheaval.

The second part of the poem shifts the focus to Sweeney's inner turmoil and psychological struggles. He is depicted as a man who is haunted by his past and unable to escape the memories of his childhood. The imagery in this section is dark and disturbing, with references to death, decay, and madness. Sweeney is portrayed as a man who is trapped in his own mind, unable to find a way out of his own psychological prison.

The final part of the poem is perhaps the most powerful and poignant. Here, Sweeney is depicted as a man who is struggling to come to terms with his own mortality. He is no longer the powerful and virile man of the first part, but rather a broken and vulnerable figure who is facing the end of his life. The imagery in this section is stark and bleak, with references to death and decay. Sweeney is portrayed as a man who is facing his own mortality with a sense of resignation and acceptance.

One of the most striking features of Poetry Sweeney Erect is its use of language and imagery. Eliot's poetry is known for its complex and allusive style, and this poem is no exception. The language is dense and layered, with multiple meanings and interpretations. The imagery is often dark and disturbing, with references to death, decay, and madness. This use of language and imagery is a reflection of the modernist era, which was marked by a sense of fragmentation and dislocation.

Another important aspect of the poem is its exploration of the human condition. Sweeney is depicted as a man who is struggling to come to terms with his own identity and place in the world. He is haunted by his past and unable to escape the memories of his childhood. He is also facing his own mortality, and this sense of impending death gives the poem a sense of urgency and poignancy.

Overall, Poetry Sweeney Erect is a powerful and thought-provoking poem that explores the themes of masculinity, violence, and the human condition. Eliot's use of language and imagery is masterful, and the poem is a testament to his skill as a poet. It is a work that continues to resonate with readers today, and it remains a classic of modernist poetry.

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