'Ariel' by Sylvia Plath


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Stasis in darkness.
Then the substanceless blue
Pour of tor and distances.

God's lioness,
How one we grow,
Pivot of heels and knees! -- The furrow

Splits and passes, sister to
The brown arc
Of the neck I cannot catch,

Nigger-eye
Berries cast dark
Hooks ----

Black sweet blood mouthfuls,
Shadows.
Something else

Hauls me through air ----
Thighs, hair;
Flakes from my heels.

White
Godiva, I unpeel ----
Dead hands, dead stringencies.

And now I
Foam to wheat, a glitter of seas.
The child's cry

Melts in the wall.
And I
Am the arrow,

The dew that flies,
Suicidal, at one with the drive
Into the red

Eye, the cauldron of morning.

Editor 1 Interpretation

Ariel: A Masterpiece of Sylvia Plath

Have you ever read a poem that completely captures your heart and soul? One that grabs you by the collar and refuses to let go? Ariel by Sylvia Plath is one such poem. It is a hauntingly beautiful work of art that brings to life the innermost thoughts and emotions of the poet.

Ariel was published posthumously in 1965 and is often regarded as one of the greatest works of poetry of the 20th century. It is a collection of 44 poems, written in the final months of Plath’s life, and is said to be her most personal and confessional work.

In this literary criticism, I will delve deeper into the themes, imagery, and language of Ariel and explore how they contribute to the overall meaning and impact of the poem.

Themes in Ariel

At its core, Ariel is a poem about the struggle for self-expression and the quest for identity. Plath’s poetry is deeply autobiographical and is often seen as a means of exorcising her personal demons.

One of the key themes in Ariel is the struggle for control. Plath’s life was marked by an intense desire for self-control and a fear of losing it. This is reflected in the imagery of the poem, which is full of references to horses, bulls, and other powerful animals. These images represent the wild, uncontrollable aspects of the self that Plath is trying to harness.

Another important theme in Ariel is death. Plath’s life was marked by a series of tragedies, including the death of her father when she was just eight years old. This sense of loss and grief permeates the poem, which is full of references to death and dying.

Imagery in Ariel

One of the most striking features of Ariel is its vivid and evocative imagery. Plath’s use of imagery is masterful, and she creates a series of powerful visual and sensory images that bring the poem to life.

One of the most memorable images in Ariel is that of the horse. Horses appear throughout the poem, and they are used to represent the wild, untamed aspects of the self. In “Ariel,” Plath writes:

“Stasis in darkness. Then the substanceless blue Pour of tor and distances. God’s lioness, How one we grow, Pivot of heels and knees!— The furrow Splits and passes, sister to The brown arc Of the neck I cannot catch, Nigger-eye Berries cast dark Hooks— Black sweet blood mouthfuls, Shadows. Something else Hauls me through air— Thighs, hair; Flakes from my heels. White Godiva, I unpeel— Dead hands, dead stringencies.”

In this passage, Plath describes the experience of riding a horse. The horse is portrayed as a powerful and wild creature, and the act of riding it is a struggle for control. The image of the horse is also used to represent the poet herself, who is trying to harness her own wild and untamed emotions.

Another important image in Ariel is that of the sea. The sea is used to represent the unconscious mind, and it appears throughout the poem as a symbol of the unknown depths of the self. In “Full Fathom Five,” Plath writes:

“Full fathom five thy father lies; Of his bones are coral made; Those are pearls that were his eyes: Nothing of him that doth fade But doth suffer a sea-change Into something rich and strange.”

In this passage, Plath uses the image of the sea to represent the transformative power of death. The sea is a place of mystery and transformation, and it serves as a powerful symbol of the unconscious mind.

Language in Ariel

Plath’s use of language in Ariel is both powerful and evocative. She creates a series of stunning visual and sensory images that bring the poem to life.

One of the most powerful aspects of Plath’s language is the way she uses repetition and alliteration to create a sense of rhythm and musicality. The poem is full of repeated sounds and phrases, such as “black sweet blood mouthfuls” and “flakes from my heels.” These repetitions create a sense of momentum and energy, and they help to convey the intensity of the poet’s emotions.

Another important aspect of Plath’s language is her use of metaphor and symbolism. She creates a series of powerful visual images that allow the reader to glimpse the inner workings of her mind. For example, in “Lady Lazarus,” Plath writes:

“Out of the ash I rise with my red hair And I eat men like air.”

In this passage, Plath uses the image of rising from the ashes to represent her own rebirth after a period of emotional turmoil. The image of eating men like air is a powerful metaphor for the way Plath dominates and consumes those around her.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Ariel is a masterpiece of 20th-century poetry. It is a deeply personal and confessional work that explores the struggle for self-expression and the quest for identity. Plath’s use of imagery and language is masterful, and she creates a series of powerful visual and sensory images that bring the poem to life. Ariel is a work of art that captures the essence of Sylvia Plath’s troubled and brilliant mind, and it remains a powerful and moving testament to her talent and vision.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Sylvia Plath's Ariel is a classic poem that has captivated readers for decades. This powerful piece of literature is a reflection of Plath's own struggles with mental illness and her desire for freedom. In this analysis, we will explore the themes, imagery, and symbolism used in Ariel to gain a deeper understanding of this masterpiece.

The poem begins with the speaker describing her experience of riding a horse named Ariel. The imagery used in the opening lines is vivid and evocative, creating a sense of movement and freedom. The speaker describes the horse's "black sweet blood" and the "red eye" of the sun, creating a sense of intensity and passion. This opening sets the tone for the rest of the poem, which is filled with powerful imagery and emotion.

One of the central themes of Ariel is the struggle for freedom. The speaker describes her desire to break free from the constraints of society and the expectations placed upon her. She longs to be free like the horse she is riding, to run wild and unrestrained. This theme is reinforced throughout the poem, with the speaker describing herself as a "victim" and a "prisoner" who is trapped by her own thoughts and emotions.

Another important theme in Ariel is the struggle with mental illness. Plath herself suffered from depression and bipolar disorder, and this poem is a reflection of her own experiences. The speaker describes her mind as a "black telephone" that is constantly ringing, a metaphor for the intrusive thoughts and emotions that plague those who suffer from mental illness. The poem is filled with images of darkness and despair, reflecting the speaker's own struggles with depression.

The imagery used in Ariel is powerful and evocative, creating a sense of intensity and emotion. The horse, Ariel, is a symbol of freedom and wildness, representing the speaker's desire to break free from the constraints of society. The use of color imagery is also significant, with the black and red colors representing darkness and passion respectively. The use of water imagery is also important, with the speaker describing herself as a "mermaid" and the sea as a place of escape and freedom.

The symbolism used in Ariel is also significant. The horse, Ariel, is a symbol of freedom and wildness, representing the speaker's desire to break free from the constraints of society. The sea is also a symbol of escape and freedom, representing the speaker's desire to escape from her own thoughts and emotions. The use of the color black is also significant, representing darkness and despair.

The structure of Ariel is also important. The poem is divided into three stanzas, each with a different tone and focus. The first stanza is focused on the horse, Ariel, and the sense of freedom and wildness that it represents. The second stanza is focused on the speaker's own struggles with mental illness, with the imagery becoming darker and more intense. The third stanza is focused on the sea, with the speaker describing her desire to escape and find freedom.

In conclusion, Ariel is a powerful and evocative poem that explores themes of freedom, mental illness, and the struggle for self-expression. The imagery and symbolism used in the poem are significant, creating a sense of intensity and emotion that resonates with readers. Plath's own struggles with mental illness are reflected in the poem, making it a deeply personal and poignant work of literature. Ariel is a classic poem that continues to captivate readers and inspire new generations of poets and writers.

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