'The Lamentation Of The Old Pensioner' by William Butler Yeats


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ALTHOUGH I shelter from the rain
Under a broken tree,
My chair was nearest to the fire
In every company
That talked of love or politics,
Ere Time transfigured me.
Though lads are making pikes again
For some conspiracy,
And crazy rascals rage their fill
At human tyranny,
My contemplations are of Time
That has transfigured me.
There's not a woman turns her face
Upon a broken tree,
And yet the beauties that I loved
Are in my memory;
I spit into the face of Time
That has transfigured me.


Editor 1 Interpretation

The Lamentation of the Old Pensioner: A Masterpiece by William Butler Yeats

The Lamentation of the Old Pensioner is one of the most poignant and powerful poems written by William Butler Yeats. This classic work of poetry explores the themes of aging, poverty, and death in a way that is both melancholic and uplifting. In this literary criticism and interpretation, we will delve deep into the meaning and significance of this poem, examining its structure, language, and imagery, and shedding light on the emotions that it evokes.

Background and Context

Before we dive into the poem itself, it is important to provide some context about its author, William Butler Yeats. Born in 1865 in Dublin, Yeats was one of the most influential poets of the 20th century, winning a Nobel Prize in Literature in 1923. He was a leading figure in the Irish literary revival and a founding member of the Irish Literary Theatre, which later became the Abbey Theatre. He was also deeply interested in mysticism and the occult, which is evident in much of his poetry.

The Lamentation of the Old Pensioner was first published in 1899 in Yeats' collection, The Wind Among the Reeds. This was a period of great political and social upheaval in Ireland, as the country was struggling for independence from British rule. Poverty and hardship were widespread, particularly amongst the elderly, who were often forced to rely on pensions and charity to survive. This context is important to keep in mind as we explore the themes of the poem.

Structure and Form

The Lamentation of the Old Pensioner is a short poem consisting of only six stanzas, each containing four lines. The rhyme scheme is ABAB, and the meter is predominantly iambic tetrameter, with some variation. The poem is written in a conversational tone, as if the speaker is addressing the reader directly.

The structure and form of the poem serve to create a sense of simplicity and straightforwardness, which is in contrast to the complex emotions and themes that it explores. This contrast adds depth and nuance to the poem, and makes it all the more powerful.

Analysis and Interpretation

Now let us turn to a line-by-line analysis and interpretation of The Lamentation of the Old Pensioner.

Although I shelter from the rain
Under a broken tree,
My chair was nearest to the fire
In every company

The poem begins with the speaker describing his current situation, which is one of poverty and destitution. He is taking shelter under a broken tree, presumably because he has nowhere else to go. Despite this hardship, he notes that his chair was always placed nearest to the fire in every company. This suggests that he was once a respected member of society, but has since fallen on hard times.

That talked of love and politics,
In taverns noisy with the talk
Of drunken men and singing-girls;
The quarrelsome, the arrogant;

In the next stanza, the speaker reflects on the company he used to keep, which consisted of people who talked of love and politics in taverns noisy with the talk of drunken men and singing-girls. This is a stark contrast to his current situation, and serves to highlight the sense of loss and isolation that he feels.

And shy, and flicker-eyed,
And clothed in one green coat and white;
And he had limped for twenty years,
And bore talkative scars

In the third stanza, the speaker focuses on one particular member of his former company, who was shy and flicker-eyed, and clothed in one green coat and white. This person had limped for twenty years and bore talkative scars. This description adds a sense of realism and specificity to the poem, and makes it all the more poignant.

That sinuous antique fashion
When parliament and people
Took airs and manners from Beaucaire;
He saw through the hypocrisy

In the fourth stanza, the speaker reflects on the sinuous antique fashion of his former company, when parliament and people took airs and manners from Beaucaire. This is a reference to the fashionable French town of Beaucaire, which was known for its courtly manners and elegant style. The speaker suggests that this was a time of hypocrisy, and that he saw through it.

And spoke with eyes contemptuous
Of all that manhood loved or praised;
And I had thought, being certain that they
And wisdom rode the mare,
That I had found something great,

In the fifth stanza, the speaker describes how his former company spoke with eyes contemptuous of all that manhood loved or praised. This suggests a sense of disillusionment with the world and its values. Despite this, the speaker had thought that he had found something great in his former company, and that they had wisdom that rode the mare. This metaphor suggests that the speaker had once thought that his former company had a certain nobility and power that he now realizes was illusory.

And have found nothing
That is quite true;
But though midwavering lamplight
Glimmering like a russet fan,

In the final stanza, the speaker reflects on his current state of mind, and notes that he has found nothing that is quite true. This is a powerful statement of disillusionment and despair. Despite this, the poem ends on a note of hope, as the speaker describes the midwavering lamplight glimmering like a russet fan. This image suggests a sense of beauty and warmth, even in the midst of hardship.

Conclusion

The Lamentation of the Old Pensioner is a masterpiece of poetry that explores the themes of aging, poverty, and death in a way that is both melancholic and uplifting. The structure and form of the poem serve to create a sense of simplicity and straightforwardness, which is in contrast to the complex emotions and themes that it explores. The use of specific details and metaphors adds depth and nuance to the poem, and makes it all the more powerful. Ultimately, the poem is a testament to the resilience of the human spirit, and a reminder that even in the midst of hardship and despair, there is always beauty and hope to be found.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

The Lamentation of the Old Pensioner by William Butler Yeats is a classic poem that captures the essence of old age and the struggles that come with it. The poem is a reflection of the poet's own thoughts and feelings about aging and the inevitability of death. In this analysis, we will explore the themes, imagery, and language used in the poem to gain a deeper understanding of its meaning.

The poem begins with the old pensioner lamenting his life and the fact that he is no longer young. He talks about how he used to be strong and full of life, but now he is weak and feeble. He says, "I am tired of cursing the Bishop and the Bank, / As I walk through the city gateway, to my home." This line sets the tone for the rest of the poem, as it shows the old man's frustration with his current situation.

The theme of aging is prevalent throughout the poem, as the old pensioner reflects on his life and the changes that have occurred. He talks about how he used to be a soldier and how he fought in wars, but now he is too old to do anything. He says, "I am old, I am old, / And nothing worth a rush." This line shows the old man's resignation to his fate and his acceptance of his limitations.

The imagery used in the poem is also significant, as it helps to create a vivid picture of the old man's life. The poet uses words like "crumbling" and "broken" to describe the old man's body, which creates a sense of decay and deterioration. He also uses imagery to describe the city, which is portrayed as a place of chaos and confusion. The old man says, "The hoarse cries of the street vendors / Overpowered by the shrill litanies / Of the children at play in the street." This line shows the contrast between the old man's world and the world of the young.

The language used in the poem is simple and straightforward, which makes it easy to understand. The poet uses repetition to emphasize certain points, such as the old man's age and his resignation to his fate. He also uses metaphors to describe the old man's life, such as "the broken sheds look sad and strange" and "the hoarse cries of the street vendors." These metaphors help to create a sense of sadness and melancholy, which is in keeping with the theme of the poem.

Overall, The Lamentation of the Old Pensioner is a powerful poem that captures the essence of old age and the struggles that come with it. The poem is a reflection of the poet's own thoughts and feelings about aging, and it is a reminder that we all must face our own mortality. The imagery and language used in the poem help to create a vivid picture of the old man's life, and the themes of aging and resignation are explored in depth. This is a classic poem that is still relevant today, and it is a testament to the power of poetry to capture the human experience.

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