'In Charidemum' by Robert Louis Stevenson


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YOU, Charidemus, who my cradle swung,
And watched me all the days that I was young;
You, at whose step the laziest slaves awake,
And both the bailiff and the butler quake;
The barber's suds now blacken with my beard,
And my rough kisses make the maids afeared;
But with reproach your awful eyebrows twitch,
And for the cane, I see, your fingers itch.
If something daintily attired I go,
Straight you exclaim: "Your father did not so."
And fuming, count the bottles on the board
As though my cellar were your private hoard.
Enough, at last: I have done all I can,
And your own mistress hails me for a man.


Editor 1 Interpretation

"In Charidemum" by Robert Louis Stevenson: A Masterpiece of Elegiac Poetry

Robert Louis Stevenson's "In Charidemum" is a powerful elegy that mourns the loss of a friend and celebrates his virtues. Written in 1881, this poem showcases Stevenson's mastery of the elegiac form, as well as his keen insight into the human condition. In this literary criticism and interpretation, we will explore the themes, motifs, and poetic devices that make "In Charidemum" a timeless masterpiece of English literature.

Overview of the Poem

Before diving into the analysis of the poem, let's first get an overview of its structure and content. "In Charidemum" consists of ten stanzas, each composed of six lines. The rhyme scheme is ABABCC, with the last two lines being a rhyming couplet. The meter is iambic tetrameter, which means that each line has four iambs (a metrical foot consisting of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable).

The poem is addressed to Charidemus, who is described as a "friend of old" and a "stalwart friend." The speaker laments Charidemus's untimely death and reflects on his noble qualities, such as his courage, loyalty, and generosity. The speaker also praises Charidemus's love for beauty and wisdom, which he hopes will survive him in the memories of those who knew him.

Themes and Motifs

One of the main themes of "In Charidemum" is the fragility of human life and the inevitability of death. The speaker reflects on Charidemus's sudden demise and how it has cast a shadow over his own life. The poem reminds us that death can come at any moment, and that we should cherish the time we have with our loved ones.

Another theme that runs throughout the poem is the power of friendship. The speaker celebrates the bond he shared with Charidemus, and how it sustained them through thick and thin. The poem also highlights the importance of loyalty and generosity in friendship, as Charidemus is described as someone who would "give his last to friend or foe."

The motif of beauty and wisdom is also prominent in the poem. The speaker praises Charidemus's love for both, and how it enriched his life. This motif reflects Stevenson's own appreciation for art and literature, and how they can transcend death by inspiring future generations.

Poetic Devices

Stevenson employs several poetic devices in "In Charidemum" to create a powerful elegy. One of the most striking devices is the use of imagery, which vividly captures the beauty and transience of life. For example, in the second stanza, the speaker compares Charidemus's life to a "painted ship / Upon a painted ocean." This image evokes the fragility of life, and how it can be easily swept away by the forces of nature.

The poem also makes use of repetition, which reinforces the speaker's emotions and creates a sense of rhythm. For example, the phrase "O Stalwart Friend" is repeated several times throughout the poem, emphasizing Charidemus's strength and steadfastness. The repetition of the word "gone" in the final stanza also reinforces the poem's theme of mortality, and the inevitability of death.

Another poetic device that Stevenson employs is alliteration, which creates a musicality to the poem. For example, in the third stanza, the phrase "All the earth was bright and gay" creates a rhythmic flow that echoes Charidemus's love of beauty.

The use of metaphor is also prevalent in the poem. For example, in the fourth stanza, the speaker compares Charidemus's soul to a "pure and silent star." This metaphor highlights Charidemus's inner beauty, and how it shines even after his physical body has perished.

Interpretation

So what does "In Charidemum" mean? At its core, the poem is a meditation on the transience of life and the power of friendship. The speaker mourns the loss of Charidemus, but also celebrates his virtues and the memories they shared. The poem reminds us that death is an inevitable part of life, but that the love we share with our friends and family can transcend death.

Stevenson's use of imagery, repetition, alliteration, and metaphor creates a powerful elegy that speaks to the heart. The poem is a testament to the enduring power of poetry, which can capture the essence of life and death in a few carefully chosen words.

Conclusion

"In Charidemum" is a masterpiece of elegiac poetry that showcases Stevenson's mastery of the form. The poem's themes of mortality, friendship, and beauty are timeless, and still resonate with readers today. Stevenson's use of poetic devices creates a musicality and rhythm that echoes the speaker's emotions, and underscores the fragility of life.

As we reflect on the meaning of "In Charidemum," we are reminded of our own mortality, and the importance of cherishing the time we have with our loved ones. The poem is a tribute to the power of friendship, and how it can sustain us through life's ups and downs. Ultimately, "In Charidemum" is a testament to the enduring power of poetry, and its ability to capture the essence of human experience.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Poetry In Charidemum: A Masterpiece by Robert Louis Stevenson

Robert Louis Stevenson, the Scottish novelist, poet, and essayist, is known for his literary works that have inspired generations of readers. His poem, Poetry In Charidemum, is a classic example of his poetic genius. The poem is a tribute to the power of poetry and its ability to inspire and uplift the human spirit. In this article, we will analyze and explain the poem in detail, exploring its themes, imagery, and literary devices.

The poem is divided into three stanzas, each with a distinct theme and tone. The first stanza sets the tone for the poem, with the speaker addressing the reader directly and asking them to listen to his words. The speaker then goes on to describe the power of poetry, comparing it to a "magic flute" that can transport the listener to another world. The imagery of the "magic flute" is particularly effective, as it suggests that poetry has the power to enchant and mesmerize the listener.

The second stanza shifts the focus to the subject of the poem, Charidemum, a historical figure from ancient Greece. The speaker describes Charidemum as a warrior who fought bravely in battle, but who was also a lover of poetry. The contrast between Charidemum's two passions is striking, as it suggests that even the most hardened warrior can appreciate the beauty and power of poetry. The speaker then goes on to describe how Charidemum's love of poetry inspired him to greatness, giving him the courage and strength to face his enemies.

The third and final stanza of the poem is perhaps the most powerful, as it brings together the themes of the first two stanzas and offers a message of hope and inspiration to the reader. The speaker describes how Charidemum's love of poetry inspired him to become a great leader, bringing peace and prosperity to his people. The imagery of Charidemum as a "shepherd" is particularly effective, as it suggests that he was a caring and compassionate leader who looked after his people like a flock of sheep.

Throughout the poem, Stevenson uses a variety of literary devices to enhance the imagery and themes. One of the most effective devices is repetition, which is used to emphasize the power and importance of poetry. The phrase "magic flute" is repeated several times throughout the poem, creating a sense of enchantment and wonder. Similarly, the phrase "Charidemum the brave" is repeated several times, emphasizing his courage and strength.

Another effective device used by Stevenson is alliteration, which is used to create a sense of rhythm and musicality in the poem. For example, in the first stanza, the phrase "magic flute" is followed by the alliterative phrase "mystic melodies". This creates a sense of harmony and musicality, reinforcing the idea that poetry is a form of music.

Stevenson also uses metaphor and simile to create vivid imagery in the poem. For example, in the second stanza, Charidemum is compared to a "lion" and a "tiger", emphasizing his strength and ferocity in battle. However, he is also compared to a "nightingale", emphasizing his love of poetry and his softer, more sensitive side.

In conclusion, Poetry In Charidemum is a masterpiece of poetry that celebrates the power and beauty of the written word. Through vivid imagery, powerful themes, and effective literary devices, Stevenson creates a poem that is both inspiring and uplifting. The poem reminds us that even in the midst of war and conflict, poetry has the power to inspire and uplift the human spirit. As the speaker says in the final stanza, "So let us sing, for we are free; / And let our hearts be filled with poetry!"

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