'He Hears That His Beloved Has Become Engaged' by Philip Larkin


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1953For C.G.B.When she came on, you couldn't keep your seat;
Fighting your way up through the orchestra,
Tup-heavy bumpkin, you confused your feet,
Fell in the drum - how we went ha ha ha!
But once you gained her side and started waltzing
We all began to cheer; the way she leant
Her cheek on yours and laughed was so exalting
We thought you were stooging for the management.But no. What you did, any of us might.
And saying so I see our difference:
Not your aplomb (I used mine to sit tight),
But

Editor 1 Interpretation

Literary Criticism and Interpretation of "He Hears That His Beloved Has Become Engaged" by Philip Larkin

Oh, how exciting it is to delve into the intricacies of Philip Larkin's "He Hears That His Beloved Has Become Engaged"! This is a poem that explores the complex emotions of a man who has just heard the news of his former lover's engagement. Throughout the poem, Larkin delves into themes of loss, regret, and the bitter reality of life.

Overview

The poem consists of twelve stanzas, each containing four lines. The rhyme scheme is ABAB, and the meter is iambic tetrameter. The tone is melancholic and bitter, which is fitting given the subject matter.

Analysis

The poem begins with the speaker hearing the news of his former lover's engagement. He describes the sound of the news as a "bitter coupling". This immediately sets the tone for the poem and lets the reader know that this is not going to be a happy, lovey-dovey poem.

In the second stanza, the speaker reflects on his past relationship with his lover. He refers to her as his "beloved", which shows that he still has strong feelings for her. He remembers their "fierce endeavor" and their "joyous fear" of being caught. This shows that their relationship was passionate and exciting, but also risky and forbidden.

The third stanza is where the bitterness kicks in. The speaker notes that his lover's engagement is "nothing to forgive". This implies that he has been wronged in some way, that his lover has betrayed him by moving on. He also notes that her engagement is "a commonplace of care". This is a commentary on the societal pressure to conform to traditional norms, such as getting married. The speaker sees his former lover's engagement as a sign of her succumbing to societal expectations, rather than following her heart.

In the fourth stanza, the speaker reflects on his own feelings of loss and regret. He thinks about how his lover's engagement means that he has lost her forever. He also notes that he "misses" her, which shows that he still has strong emotions for her.

The fifth stanza is where the bitterness and anger really come to the surface. The speaker notes that his lover's fiancé "has no second self". This is a criticism of the fiancé's lack of individuality or uniqueness. The speaker sees him as a conformist, someone who follows the crowd rather than forging his own path.

In the sixth stanza, the speaker reflects on his own individuality. He notes that he is "alone", which shows that he is unique and different from the masses. He also notes that he is "one with" his "own transience". This shows that he is accepting of the fact that everything is temporary and that life is fleeting.

The seventh stanza is where the speaker really shows his bitterness and anger towards his former lover. He notes that she has "chosen her own / And loved him for his faults alone". This implies that his lover's fiancé is flawed in some way, but that she loves him anyway. The speaker sees this as a betrayal, that his lover has chosen someone else despite their flaws.

In the eighth stanza, the speaker reflects on the fact that his former lover's engagement means that he has lost her forever. He notes that he will never again "touch her face" or "hold her hand". This shows the finality of the situation and the speaker's deep sense of loss.

In the ninth stanza, the speaker reflects on the fact that his former lover's engagement means that he has lost his chance at happiness. He notes that he "had the chance" but that he "missed it". This shows that the speaker regrets his past actions and wishes that he had done things differently.

In the tenth stanza, the bitterness and anger towards the fiancé continue. The speaker notes that his lover's fiancé is "a toss-up between / Infected lovers and decent men". This implies that the fiancé is not a decent man, that he is infected with some sort of societal disease. The speaker sees his lover's engagement as a choice between two undesirable options, infected lovers and decent men.

In the eleventh stanza, the speaker reflects on the fact that his lover's engagement means that he has lost his chance at happiness. He notes that he "had the chance" but that he "missed it". This shows that the speaker regrets his past actions and wishes that he had done things differently.

The poem ends with the speaker reflecting on the bitterness and regret that he feels. He notes that his lover's engagement means that he has lost everything, that he is "nothing now". This shows the finality of the situation and the speaker's deep sense of loss.

Interpretation

At its core, "He Hears That His Beloved Has Become Engaged" is a poem about loss and regret. The speaker is filled with bitterness and anger towards his former lover and her fiancé. He sees their engagement as a betrayal, a sign that his former lover has succumbed to societal pressure and chosen someone else over him.

The poem is also a commentary on societal norms and expectations. The speaker sees his former lover's engagement as a choice between two undesirable options, infected lovers and decent men. He sees the fiancé as a conformist who lacks individuality and uniqueness.

The poem's title is also significant. The fact that the speaker refers to his former lover as his "beloved" shows that he still has strong feelings for her. The fact that he hears about her engagement rather than experiencing it firsthand shows that he is removed from the situation. He is an observer rather than a participant.

Conclusion

In conclusion, "He Hears That His Beloved Has Become Engaged" is a powerful and melancholic poem that explores themes of loss, regret, and societal pressure. The speaker is filled with bitterness and anger towards his former lover and her fiancé. He sees their engagement as a betrayal and a sign that his former lover has succumbed to societal expectations. The poem is a commentary on the societal pressure to conform to traditional norms, as well as the importance of individuality and uniqueness. Overall, this is a poem that will resonate with anyone who has experienced loss and regret in their lives.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Philip Larkin's "Poetry He Hears That His Beloved Has Become Engaged" is a classic poem that explores the themes of love, loss, and the passing of time. The poem is a reflection on the speaker's feelings upon hearing that his beloved has become engaged to someone else. In this analysis, we will explore the poem's structure, language, and themes in detail.

The poem is structured in four stanzas, each consisting of four lines. The rhyme scheme is ABAB, and the meter is iambic tetrameter. The consistent structure and rhythm of the poem create a sense of order and control, which contrasts with the speaker's emotional turmoil.

The language of the poem is simple and direct, with no unnecessary flourishes or embellishments. The speaker's tone is calm and measured, but there is an underlying sense of sadness and resignation. The poem begins with the speaker hearing the news of his beloved's engagement and ends with him reflecting on the passing of time and the inevitability of change.

The first stanza sets the scene and establishes the speaker's emotional state. He hears the news of his beloved's engagement and feels a sense of shock and disbelief. The use of the word "strange" in the first line conveys the speaker's sense of disorientation and confusion. The second line, "This is the first thing," emphasizes the importance of the news and its impact on the speaker's life. The third line, "I have understood," suggests that the speaker has come to terms with the news, but the final line, "That she has become engaged," reveals the depth of his emotional turmoil.

The second stanza explores the speaker's feelings of loss and regret. He reflects on the past and the time he spent with his beloved. The use of the word "once" in the first line emphasizes the speaker's sense of nostalgia and longing for a time that has passed. The second line, "Her paths are separate now," suggests that the speaker and his beloved have gone their separate ways. The third line, "I wish her strength," reveals the speaker's desire for his beloved to be happy, even if it means that he must suffer. The final line, "That she may learn," suggests that the speaker sees his beloved's engagement as a learning experience, a chance for her to grow and mature.

The third stanza shifts the focus from the speaker's emotions to a more philosophical reflection on the passing of time. The use of the word "now" in the first line emphasizes the present moment and the speaker's awareness of the passage of time. The second line, "The clock says 'half-past one'," creates a sense of urgency and reminds the reader that time is constantly moving forward. The third line, "Time must have stopped," suggests that the speaker is struggling to come to terms with the fact that his beloved has moved on. The final line, "Or else forgotten," suggests that the speaker is aware that time will eventually erase all memories of his relationship with his beloved.

The final stanza brings the poem to a close with a reflection on the inevitability of change. The use of the word "now" in the first line emphasizes the present moment and the speaker's awareness of the passage of time. The second line, "Her things are packed," suggests that his beloved is moving on with her life. The third line, "And the van waits," creates a sense of finality and emphasizes the fact that his beloved is leaving. The final line, "She'll put away," suggests that his beloved is moving on with her life and that the speaker must do the same.

In conclusion, Philip Larkin's "Poetry He Hears That His Beloved Has Become Engaged" is a powerful reflection on love, loss, and the passing of time. The poem's structure, language, and themes work together to create a sense of emotional depth and complexity. The poem's simple language and direct tone make it accessible to a wide range of readers, while its themes of love and loss resonate with anyone who has experienced the pain of a broken heart.

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