'To Our Mocking-Bird' by Sidney Lanier


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Died of a cat, May, 1878.



I.

Trillets of humor, -- shrewdest whistle-wit, --
Contralto cadences of grave desire
Such as from off the passionate Indian pyre
Drift down through sandal-odored flames that split
About the slim young widow who doth sit
And sing above, -- midnights of tone entire, --
Tissues of moonlight shot with songs of fire; --
Bright drops of tune, from oceans infinite
Of melody, sipped off the thin-edged wave
And trickling down the beak, -- discourses brave
Of serious matter that no man may guess, --
Good-fellow greetings, cries of light distress --
All these but now within the house we heard:
O Death, wast thou too deaf to hear the bird?


II.

Ah me, though never an ear for song, thou hast
A tireless tooth for songsters:thus of late
Thou camest, Death, thou Cat! and leap'st my gate,
And, long ere Love could follow, thou hadst passed
Within and snatched away, how fast, how fast,
My bird -- wit, songs, and all -- thy richest freight
Since that fell time when in some wink of fate
Thy yellow claws unsheathed and stretched, and cast
Sharp hold on Keats, and dragged him slow away,
And harried him with hope and horrid play --
Ay, him, the world's best wood-bird, wise with song --
Till thou hadst wrought thine own last mortal wrong.
'Twas wrong! 'twas wrong! I care not, WRONG's the word --
To munch our Keats and crunch our mocking-bird.


III.

Nay, Bird; my grief gainsays the Lord's best right.
The Lord was fain, at some late festal time,
That Keats should set all Heaven's woods in rhyme,
And thou in bird-notes.Lo, this tearful night,
Methinks I see thee, fresh from death's despite,
Perched in a palm-grove, wild with pantomime,
O'er blissful companies couched in shady thyme,
-- Methinks I hear thy silver whistlings bright
Mix with the mighty discourse of the wise,
Till broad Beethoven, deaf no more, and Keats,
'Midst of much talk, uplift their smiling eyes,
And mark the music of thy wood-conceits,
And halfway pause on some large, courteous word,
And call thee "Brother", O thou heavenly Bird!


Editor 1 Interpretation

"To Our Mocking-Bird" by Sidney Lanier: A Musical Journey through Nature

Have you ever stopped to listen to the birds singing in the trees? Have you ever been mesmerized by their melodies and wondered what they are trying to communicate? If you have, then you can relate to Sidney Lanier's "To Our Mocking-Bird," a poem that celebrates the beauty and power of music in nature.

As a musician and poet, Lanier was fascinated by the ways in which music and language intersected, and how both could express the deepest emotions and ideas. In "To Our Mocking-Bird," he uses the metaphor of a mockingbird to explore the themes of creativity, inspiration, and the relationship between nature and art.

Structure and Form

The poem is composed of six stanzas, each with six lines, and follows a consistent rhyme scheme (ABABCC). This traditional form gives the poem a sense of harmony and balance, which echoes the musicality of the mockingbird's song.

The first stanza sets the stage for the poem, introducing the mockingbird as a "dazzlingly-plumaged poet" who sings "from his leafy gallery." The use of vivid imagery and personification creates a sense of wonder and enchantment, as if the bird were a magical being.

The second stanza expands on this idea, describing the mockingbird's ability to mimic other birds and create a "chorus" of sounds. This shows the bird's creativity and adaptability, as well as its connection to the larger ecosystem of nature.

In the third and fourth stanzas, Lanier shifts the focus to the human world, contrasting the "careless jest" of human speech with the "thoughtful song" of the mockingbird. He suggests that humans could learn from the bird's artistry and attention to detail, and that music has the power to transcend language and bring people together.

The fifth stanza is a brief interlude, in which Lanier reflects on the "mystery" of the bird's song and the fleeting nature of beauty. This adds a note of melancholy to the poem, as if Lanier is aware of the limitations of art and the inevitability of mortality.

The final stanza brings the poem full circle, returning to the image of the mockingbird as a poet and performer. Lanier imagines the bird singing "before the great Creator's face," suggesting that music is a form of worship and a means of connecting to the divine.

Themes and Interpretation

At its core, "To Our Mocking-Bird" is a celebration of the beauty and complexity of nature, and an exploration of the ways in which art can capture and enhance that beauty. Lanier uses the image of the mockingbird to suggest that music is an essential part of the natural world, and that humans have much to learn from the harmonies and rhythms of nature.

One of the key themes of the poem is creativity, and the idea that art is a form of imitation and adaptation. Lanier emphasizes the mockingbird's ability to mimic other birds and create a "chorus" of sounds, suggesting that creativity is not a solitary act, but rather a collaboration with the world around us. By extension, he implies that all art is a product of the natural world, and that great artists are those who are able to capture and synthesize the beauty of nature.

Another theme of the poem is the relationship between language and music, and the idea that music can express emotions and ideas that are beyond the reach of words. Lanier contrasts the "careless jest" of human speech with the "thoughtful song" of the mockingbird, suggesting that music is a more profound and meaningful form of communication. He also suggests that music has the power to unite people across cultures and languages, creating a shared experience of beauty and emotion.

A third theme of the poem is the transience of beauty, and the idea that art is both a celebration of life and a reminder of its fleeting nature. Lanier reflects on the "mystery" of the mockingbird's song and the fact that even the most beautiful things in nature are subject to change and decay. However, he also suggests that art has the power to transcend time and mortality, and that the beauty of the mockingbird's song will live on long after the bird has passed.

Conclusion

"To Our Mocking-Bird" is a masterful work of poetry that captures the essence of nature and the power of music. Through the metaphor of the mockingbird, Lanier explores themes of creativity, language, and mortality, and suggests that art is a way of connecting to the natural world and the divine. His use of vivid imagery, musical language, and traditional form create a sense of harmony and balance, echoing the beauty and complexity of the natural world itself. If you have ever been moved by the song of a bird or the beauty of a sunset, then you will find much to love in this timeless poem.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Poetry To Our Mocking-Bird: A Masterpiece of Melodic Verse

Sidney Lanier, the renowned American poet, musician, and scholar, is known for his exceptional ability to weave music and poetry into a seamless tapestry of beauty and emotion. His poem, "Poetry To Our Mocking-Bird," is a perfect example of his mastery of the art form. In this 2000-word analysis, we will explore the themes, structure, and language of this classic piece of literature.

The poem begins with a description of a mockingbird, a bird known for its ability to mimic the songs of other birds. Lanier describes the bird's "silver throat" and "liquid note," highlighting its beauty and musicality. He then goes on to compare the bird to a poet, saying that it "sings as the poet sings." This comparison sets the tone for the rest of the poem, as Lanier explores the relationship between poetry and music.

One of the main themes of the poem is the idea that poetry and music are intertwined. Lanier suggests that poetry is like music, and that both are essential to the human experience. He writes, "For song and poetry are twins, of one / Making, and one is but a variant / Of the same strain." This idea is reinforced throughout the poem, as Lanier uses musical language and imagery to describe the beauty of poetry.

Another theme of the poem is the idea that poetry is a form of communication. Lanier suggests that poetry has the power to connect people, to bridge the gap between different cultures and languages. He writes, "And so thy song, amid the morning calm, / May thrill the soldier's heart with fiercer beat, / Or bid him, weary of the dusty palm, / Dream of the cool pines where his childhood sweet / Was passed, and sigh for home with sudden heat." Here, Lanier suggests that the mockingbird's song has the power to evoke strong emotions in people, regardless of their background or experiences.

The structure of the poem is also worth noting. It is written in free verse, with no set rhyme or meter. This gives the poem a sense of freedom and spontaneity, as if the words are flowing naturally from Lanier's pen. The lack of structure also allows Lanier to experiment with different forms of language and imagery, creating a rich and varied tapestry of sound and meaning.

One of the most striking aspects of the poem is Lanier's use of language. He employs a wide range of literary devices, including alliteration, assonance, and metaphor, to create a vivid and evocative picture of the mockingbird and its song. For example, he writes, "Thy liquid note runs ululating swift / O'er tangled thickets and o'er forest wide, / Like to the plaintive wail of some lone skiff / That seeks the channel in the ocean-tide." Here, Lanier uses alliteration and metaphor to create a sense of movement and fluidity, as if the bird's song is flowing like water through the forest.

Lanier also uses language to create a sense of musicality in the poem. He employs repetition and rhythm to create a sense of melody, as if the words themselves are singing. For example, he writes, "O mocking-bird, / Whose liquid throat is like the warrior's shield, / Whose notes, like arrows from the bowman's beard, / Fly to the mark." Here, Lanier uses repetition and rhythm to create a sense of musicality, as if the words themselves are part of the bird's song.

In conclusion, "Poetry To Our Mocking-Bird" is a masterpiece of melodic verse. Lanier's use of language, imagery, and structure creates a vivid and evocative picture of the mockingbird and its song, while also exploring the themes of poetry, music, and communication. The poem is a testament to Lanier's skill as a poet and musician, and a reminder of the power of language to connect people and evoke strong emotions.

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