'I felt a Funeral, in my Brain' by Emily Dickinson


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I felt a Funeral, in my Brain,
And Mourners to and fro
Kept treading—treading—till it seemed
That Sense was breaking through—

And when they all were seated,
A Service, like a Drum—
Kept beating—beating—till I thought
My Mind was going numb—

And then I heard them lift a Box
And creak across my Soul
With those same Boots of Lead, again,
Then Space—began to toll,

As all the Heavens were a Bell,
And Being, but an Ear,
And I, and Silence, some strange Race
Wrecked, solitary, here—

And then a Plank in Reason, broke,
And I dropped down, and down—
And hit a World, at every plunge,
And Finished knowing—then—

Editor 1 Interpretation

"I felt a Funeral, in my Brain" by Emily Dickinson

Introduction

"I felt a Funeral, in my Brain" is a haunting and powerful poem by Emily Dickinson, one of the most enigmatic and influential American poets of the 19th century. Published posthumously in 1896, the poem is a meditation on the experience of mental breakdown and the dissolution of the self. Dickinson's vivid imagery, her use of sound and rhythm, and her daring exploration of psychological states have made this poem a classic of American poetry, and a touchstone for generations of readers and scholars.

Structure and Style

The poem is structured in six stanzas of four lines each, with a consistent rhyme scheme of ABCB. The meter is irregular, with lines varying from iambic trimeter to iambic tetrameter, creating a sense of instability and uncertainty. The title of the poem, "I felt a Funeral, in my Brain," sets the tone for the entire work, and the first stanza immediately plunges the reader into a disorienting and surreal world:

I felt a Funeral, in my Brain, And Mourners to and fro Kept treading--treading--till it seemed That Sense was breaking through--

The opening line is arresting in its starkness and immediacy, announcing the central theme of the poem: the experience of a funeral, not in the external world, but inside the speaker's own mind. The repetition of "treading--treading" creates a sense of monotony and oppression, as if the mourners are marching endlessly in a circle. The use of enjambment in the third line, with "seemed" carrying over to the next line, emphasizes the breaking of sense and the dissolution of coherence.

The second stanza continues this theme of disintegration:

And when they all were seated, A Service, like a Drum-- Kept beating--beating--till I thought My mind was going numb--

Here, the funeral becomes a "Service," and the sound of the drum takes on a menacing quality. The repetition of "beating--beating" mimics the sound of a funeral march or a heartbeat, but also suggests a sense of relentless pressure and anxiety. The final line, "My mind was going numb," echoes the sense of breaking through in the first stanza, but now the speaker feels a loss of sensation, a numbing of the mind.

The third and fourth stanzas continue the motif of dissolution and fragmentation:

And then I heard them lift a Box And creak across my Soul With those same Boots of Lead, again, Then Space--began to toll,

As all the Heavens were a Bell, And Being, but an Ear, And I, and Silence, some strange Race Wrecked, solitary, here--

The image of the mourners lifting a box and creaking across the speaker's soul is a powerful one, suggesting a sense of invasion and violation. The "Boots of Lead" return, emphasizing the heaviness and weight of the funeral procession. The line "Then Space--began to toll" marks a turning point in the poem, as the physical experience of the funeral gives way to a more abstract, metaphysical dimension. The tolling of the heavens and the sense of being nothing but an ear creates a feeling of disorientation and loss of identity. The final line of the fourth stanza, "Wrecked, solitary, here," emphasizes the speaker's sense of isolation and despair.

The fifth stanza builds on this sense of dislocation and fragmentation:

And then a Plank in Reason, broke, And I dropped down, and down-- And hit a World, at every plunge, And Finished knowing--then--

The use of the word "Plank" is striking, suggesting a structural element that holds reason together, but which can be broken or shattered. The repeated use of "down" creates a sense of falling, or descending into chaos. The final line, with its abrupt shift to the past tense, suggests a kind of ending or closure, but one that is ambiguous and uncertain.

The final stanza brings the poem full circle, returning to the opening image of the Funeral:

Themes and Interpretation

"I felt a Funeral, in my Brain" is a complex and multi-layered poem, exploring themes of mental breakdown, fragmentation, and loss of identity. The speaker's experience is intensely subjective, and the poem is structured in a way that mimics the disorienting and fragmentary nature of a mental breakdown. The use of sound and rhythm, as well as the vivid and striking imagery, creates a powerful sense of atmosphere and tension.

At the heart of the poem is the idea of the self as a fragile and precarious construct, one that can be shattered or dissolved by the forces of the world. The funeral procession becomes a symbol of these forces, a kind of inexorable march towards dissolution and oblivion. The repetition of "treading--treading" and "beating--beating" creates a sense of monotony and pressure, as if the speaker is trapped in a cycle of despair and anxiety.

The metaphysical dimension of the poem, with its tolling heavens and sense of being nothing but an ear, suggests a kind of cosmic despair. The speaker's sense of isolation and fragmentation becomes a kind of existential condition, one that is both universal and deeply personal. The final lines of the poem, with their emphasis on the "plank in Reason" and the sense of "Finished knowing," suggest a kind of finality, but one that is ambiguous and unresolved.

Conclusion

"I felt a Funeral, in my Brain" is a haunting and powerful poem, one that explores the depths of human experience and the fragility of the self. Dickinson's use of sound and rhythm, as well as her striking imagery, create a vivid and unsettling atmosphere, one that captures the disorienting nature of mental breakdown. The themes of fragmentation, loss of identity, and cosmic despair are universal, and the poem remains a touchstone for readers and scholars alike.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

I felt a Funeral, in my Brain - Emily Dickinson

I felt a Funeral, in my Brain, And Mourners to and fro Kept treading - treading - till it seemed That Sense was breaking through -

And when they all were seated, A Service, like a Drum - Kept beating - beating - till I thought My mind was going numb -

And then I heard them lift a Box And creak across my Soul With those same Boots of Lead, again, Then Space - began to toll,

As all the Heavens were a Bell, And Being, but an Ear, And I, and Silence, some strange Race, Wrecked, solitary, here -

And then a Plank in Reason, broke, And I dropped down, and down - And hit a World, at every plunge, And Finished knowing - then -

Emily Dickinson's "I felt a Funeral, in my Brain" is a haunting and powerful poem that explores the depths of the human psyche. The poem is a journey through the speaker's mind as they experience a funeral in their brain, and the resulting breakdown of their sense of self.

The poem begins with the speaker describing the sensation of a funeral taking place within their own mind. The use of the word "funeral" immediately sets a somber tone, and the repetition of "treading - treading" emphasizes the weight and heaviness of the mourners' steps. The use of the word "Sense" in the second line suggests that the funeral is not just a physical event, but also a mental one, as the speaker's sense of self is breaking down.

As the mourners take their seats, the poem takes on a more rhythmic quality, with the "Service, like a Drum" beating relentlessly. The repetition of "beating - beating" creates a sense of urgency and anxiety, as the speaker's mind begins to feel numb and overwhelmed.

The third stanza is perhaps the most striking in the poem, as the mourners lift a box and "creak across [the speaker's] Soul." The use of the word "Soul" suggests that the funeral is not just a mental breakdown, but a spiritual one as well. The "Boots of Lead" that the mourners wear create a sense of weight and oppression, as the speaker's mind is weighed down by the weight of their own thoughts.

The final two stanzas of the poem are perhaps the most enigmatic, as the speaker describes the tolling of space and the heavens as a bell. The use of the word "Being" suggests that the speaker is no longer a part of the world around them, but rather an observer of it. The final lines of the poem, with the speaker dropping down and hitting a world at every plunge, suggest a final descent into madness or oblivion.

Overall, "I felt a Funeral, in my Brain" is a powerful and haunting exploration of the human psyche. The use of repetition, imagery, and metaphor create a sense of weight and oppression, as the speaker's mind is overwhelmed by the funeral taking place within it. The final descent into madness or oblivion is a chilling reminder of the fragility of the human mind, and the power of our own thoughts to consume us.

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