'Sonnet - To Science' by Edgar Allan Poe


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Science! true daughter of Old Time thou art!
Who alterest all things with thy peering eyes.
Why preyest thou thus upon the poet's heart,
Vulture, whose wings are dull realities?
How should he love thee? or how deem thee wise,
Who wouldst not leave him in his wandering
To seek for treasure in the jewelled skies,
Albeit he soared with an undaunted wing?
Hast thou not dragged Diana from her car?
And driven the Hamadryad from the wood
To seek a shelter in some happier star?
Hast thou not torn the Naiad from her flood,
The Elfin from the green grass, and from me
The summer dream beneath the tamarind tree?

Editor 1 Interpretation

Edgar Allan Poe's "Sonnet - To Science"

Edgar Allan Poe, the master of the macabre, is known for his dark, haunting tales of horror and mystery. However, Poe was also a talented poet, and his works often explored themes of melancholy, despair, and the supernatural. In "Sonnet - To Science," Poe turns his attention to the world of science and technology, exploring the tension between scientific progress and the beauty and mystery of the natural world.

Analysis of "Sonnet - To Science"

The sonnet is a traditional form of poetry that consists of 14 lines, usually written in iambic pentameter. In "Sonnet - To Science," Poe uses the sonnet form to explore the conflict between science and nature. The poem is divided into two parts, each containing seven lines.

First Seven Lines

In the first seven lines, Poe describes science as a "cold" and "heartless" force that seeks to unravel and explain the mysteries of the natural world:

Science! true daughter of Old Time thou art! Who alterest all things with thy peering eyes. Why preyest thou thus upon the poet's heart, Vulture, whose wings are dull realities? How should he love thee? or how deem thee wise, Who wouldst not leave him in his wandering To seek for treasure in the jewelled skies, Albeit he soared with an undaunted wing?

Here, Poe personifies science as a "vulture" that preys upon the poet's heart. He argues that science is "heartless" because it seeks to explain away the beauty and mystery of the natural world. To Poe, the poet's imagination is what gives meaning to the world, and science threatens to destroy that sense of wonder and magic.

Last Seven Lines

In the last seven lines, Poe contrasts science with the beauty and mystery of nature:

Hast thou not dragged Diana from her car? And driven the Hamadryad from the wood To seek a shelter in some happier star? Hast thou not torn the Naiad from her flood, The Elfin from the green grass, and from me The summer dream beneath the tamarind tree?

Here, Poe reminds us that science has the power to destroy as well as create. By "dragging Diana from her car" and "driving the Hamadryad from the wood," science destroys the mythology and folklore that give meaning to the natural world. This destruction is not just theoretical; Poe argues that science has the power to change the physical world as well. By "torn[ing] the Naiad from her flood" and "tak[ing] the Elfin from the green grass," science destroys the very fabric of the natural world.

Interpretation of "Sonnet - To Science"

At its core, "Sonnet - To Science" is a lament for the loss of wonder and mystery in the modern world. Poe sees science as a force that threatens to destroy the beauty and magic of the natural world, and his poem reflects the sense of loss and despair that comes with this destruction.

Poe's poem is also a commentary on the tension between science and faith. In the 19th century, many people feared that science would undermine religious belief and destroy the foundations of morality. Poe seems to share this fear, arguing that science is a "cold" and "heartless" force that threatens to destroy the beauty and mystery of the world.

However, the poem is not a simple rejection of science. Poe recognizes the power and importance of scientific discovery, but he also sees the dangers of unchecked scientific progress. In this sense, "Sonnet - To Science" can be seen as a plea for balance and moderation in scientific inquiry.

Conclusion

"Sonnet - To Science" is a powerful and haunting poem that explores the tension between scientific progress and the beauty and mystery of the natural world. Through his use of imagery and personification, Poe creates a vivid picture of science as a force that threatens to destroy the magic and wonder of the world. However, the poem is not a simple rejection of science; instead, it is a plea for balance and moderation, reminding us that scientific progress must be tempered by respect for the natural world and a sense of wonder and awe. In this sense, "Sonnet - To Science" is as relevant today as it was when Poe wrote it nearly two centuries ago.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Sonnet - To Science by Edgar Allan Poe: A Masterpiece of Romanticism

Edgar Allan Poe, the master of macabre and mystery, is known for his dark and haunting tales of horror. However, he was also a poet of great depth and complexity, who explored the themes of love, death, and the supernatural in his works. One of his most celebrated poems is "Sonnet - To Science," a masterpiece of Romanticism that reflects his ambivalent attitude towards science and its impact on human emotions and imagination.

The Poem

Before delving into the analysis of the poem, let us first read it in its entirety:

Science! true daughter of Old Time thou art! Who alterest all things with thy peering eyes. Why preyest thou thus upon the poet's heart, Vulture, whose wings are dull realities? How should he love thee? or how deem thee wise, Who wouldst not leave him in his wandering To seek for treasure in the jewelled skies, Albeit he soared with an undaunted wing? Hast thou not dragged Diana from her car? And driven the Hamadryad from the wood To seek a shelter in some happier star? Hast thou not torn the Naiad from her flood, The Elfin from the green grass, and from me The summer dream beneath the tamarind tree?

The Analysis

The poem is a sonnet, a fourteen-line poem with a strict rhyme scheme and meter. It is addressed to Science, personified as a woman, who is described as the "true daughter of Old Time." The opening line establishes the theme of time and change, which is a recurring motif in the poem. Science is portrayed as a powerful force that "alterest all things with thy peering eyes," suggesting that it has the ability to transform and manipulate the natural world.

However, the poet's attitude towards Science is ambivalent. He addresses her as a "Vulture, whose wings are dull realities," implying that Science is a predator that preys upon the poet's heart and imagination. The metaphor of the vulture suggests that Science is a scavenger that feeds on the dead and decaying, rather than a creator of new life and beauty. The use of the word "dull" suggests that Science is devoid of creativity and imagination, and that it reduces everything to a lifeless and mechanical formula.

The poet then asks a rhetorical question: "How should he love thee? or how deem thee wise?" This question implies that the poet is skeptical of Science's ability to inspire love or wisdom. He suggests that Science is too cold and calculating to evoke the emotions and passions that are essential to human life. The poet then contrasts Science with the poet's own imagination, which he describes as "an undaunted wing." This metaphor suggests that the poet's imagination is free and unbounded, and that it can soar to great heights without being weighed down by the constraints of reality.

The poet then accuses Science of robbing him of his dreams and fantasies. He asks whether Science has not "dragged Diana from her car," referring to the Roman goddess of the hunt who is often associated with the moon. This metaphor suggests that Science has stripped the moon of its mystical and romantic qualities, reducing it to a lifeless and barren rock. The poet then asks whether Science has not "driven the Hamadryad from the wood," referring to the nymphs of the trees in Greek mythology. This metaphor suggests that Science has destroyed the natural world, reducing it to a collection of lifeless objects that can be studied and analyzed.

The poet then accuses Science of tearing away the beauty and magic of the world. He asks whether Science has not "torn the Naiad from her flood," referring to the nymphs of the rivers and streams in Greek mythology. This metaphor suggests that Science has drained the rivers and streams of their mystery and enchantment, reducing them to mere channels of water. The poet then asks whether Science has not "torn the Elfin from the green grass," referring to the mythical creatures that inhabit the natural world. This metaphor suggests that Science has destroyed the magic and wonder of the natural world, reducing it to a lifeless and sterile environment.

The poem ends with a personal note, as the poet laments the loss of his own dreams and fantasies. He says that Science has taken away "the summer dream beneath the tamarind tree," implying that he has lost his own ability to dream and imagine. The use of the word "summer" suggests that the poet is mourning the loss of his youth and innocence, which he associates with his dreams and fantasies.

The Significance

"Sonnet - To Science" is a powerful critique of the Enlightenment and its emphasis on reason and science. Poe was a Romantic poet who believed in the power of imagination and emotion, and he saw science as a threat to these qualities. He believed that science reduced the natural world to a collection of lifeless objects that could be studied and analyzed, and that it robbed human beings of their ability to dream and imagine.

The poem is also a reflection of Poe's own personal struggles with science and reason. He was a man who was haunted by death and the supernatural, and he saw science as a way of denying these realities. He believed that science could not explain the mysteries of life and death, and that it was a poor substitute for the power of the imagination.

In conclusion, "Sonnet - To Science" is a masterpiece of Romanticism that reflects Poe's ambivalent attitude towards science and its impact on human emotions and imagination. It is a powerful critique of the Enlightenment and its emphasis on reason and science, and it is a reflection of Poe's own personal struggles with these issues. The poem is a testament to the power of poetry and the imagination, and it is a reminder of the importance of preserving the magic and wonder of the natural world.

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