'Sonnet XXXVI' by Edmund Spenser


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TEll me when shall these wearie woes haue end,
Or shall their ruthlesse torment neuer cease:
but al my dayes in pining languor spend,
without hope of aswagement or release.
Is there no meanes for me to purchace peace,
or make agreement with her thrilling eyes:
but that their cruelty doth still increace,
and dayly more augment my miseryes.
But when ye haue shewed all extremityes,
then thinke how litle glory ye haue gayned:
by slaying him, whose lyfe though ye despyse,
mote haue your life in honour long maintayned.
But by his death which some perhaps will mone,
ye shall condemned be of many a one.


Editor 1 Interpretation

A Deep Dive into Edmund Spenser's Sonnet XXXVI

Sonnet XXXVI, written by Edmund Spenser, is a stunning piece of poetry that delves into the themes of love, beauty, and time. This sonnet is a part of Spenser’s larger work, Amoretti, which consists of 89 sonnets. Spenser published Amoretti in 1595 and it is considered to be one of the greatest works of Elizabethan literature.

In this literary criticism and interpretation, we will examine Sonnet XXXVI and explore its meaning, structure, language, and significance in the context of Spenser’s other works and the Elizabethan era.

Structure and Language

The sonnet begins with a quatrain that sets the scene and introduces the theme of the poem. Spenser describes a beautiful woman who is sitting in the shade of a tree, reading a book. He compares her beauty to the beauty of the tree and the shade it provides. Spenser then goes on to say that her beauty is so great that it has the power to make time stop.

“Let the bird of loudest lay, On the sole Arabian tree, Herald sad and trumpet be, To whose sound chaste wings obey.

But thou, shrieked owl, hast none, Musicke, day and night, to mee, Yet shalt thou heare, and quicklye see, Where my faire love doth come.

And when thou herdst I sing, The woods shall to thee answer, and thy eccho ring.”

The second quatrain continues to explore the theme of time and its ability to destroy beauty. Spenser compares the beauty of the woman to a flower that will eventually fade and wither away. He also uses the metaphor of the sun to describe time, saying that just as the sun rises and sets, so too does time pass.

“Bright shee is, but cold, Caresse not one to fold, Her heart is made of stone, Nor is her skinne as soft as moone,

As for her eyes, they glister like the starres, And like the starres doo hold their course, Ne will they be perswaded from their course, Ne will they rest or move for anye feares.”

The third quatrain takes a turn and explores the power of love. Spenser says that even though time will eventually destroy the woman’s beauty, love can still conquer all. He compares the power of love to a phoenix rising from the ashes, saying that even though something may seem dead and gone, love can bring it back to life.

“Shee on the other hand, Like morning rosebud newlye sprong, In fraile silks of the Samite long, A faireer love shall command;

Her face shall be more faire, And her beautie shall endure, More than anye liuing rare, Even till the world's great drawer

Shall feitch his final breath, when passing bell doth tole, And all shall in huge ashes lie, Where nothing shall be found, but huge eternity, Where nothing shall be heard, but the clock's lone thole.”

Finally, the sonnet ends with a couplet that ties everything together. Spenser says that even though time may destroy the woman’s beauty, and even though love may eventually fade away, his love for her will last forever.

Interpretation

Sonnet XXXVI is a beautiful exploration of the themes of love, beauty, and time. Spenser uses vivid imagery and poignant metaphors to convey his message. The first quatrain sets the scene and introduces the woman who is the subject of the poem. Spenser compares her beauty to the beauty of the tree and the shade it provides. He says that her beauty is so great that it has the power to make time stop.

In the second quatrain, Spenser continues to explore the theme of time and its ability to destroy beauty. He compares the woman’s beauty to a flower that will eventually fade and wither away. He also uses the metaphor of the sun to describe time, saying that just as the sun rises and sets, so too does time pass.

The third quatrain takes a turn and explores the power of love. Spenser says that even though time will eventually destroy the woman’s beauty, love can still conquer all. He compares the power of love to a phoenix rising from the ashes, saying that even though something may seem dead and gone, love can bring it back to life.

Finally, the sonnet ends with a couplet that ties everything together. Spenser says that even though time may destroy the woman’s beauty, and even though love may eventually fade away, his love for her will last forever.

Overall, Sonnet XXXVI is a beautiful and poignant poem that explores the themes of love, beauty, and time. Spenser’s use of vivid imagery and poignant metaphors makes this sonnet a timeless masterpiece that continues to resonate with readers today.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Edmund Spenser's Sonnet XXXVI is a classic piece of poetry that has stood the test of time. It is a beautiful and intricate work that explores the themes of love, beauty, and the passage of time. In this analysis, we will delve into the meaning and significance of this sonnet, exploring its structure, language, and imagery.

The sonnet begins with the speaker addressing his lover, telling her that she is the most beautiful thing in the world. He compares her to the sun, saying that her beauty is like the sun's light, which illuminates everything around it. He then goes on to say that her beauty is so great that it makes everything else seem dull and lifeless in comparison.

The second quatrain of the sonnet shifts the focus to the passage of time. The speaker acknowledges that even though his lover's beauty is eternal, time will eventually take its toll. He says that her beauty will fade and that she will eventually grow old and die. However, he also says that her beauty will live on in his memory, and that he will always remember her as she was in her prime.

The third quatrain of the sonnet is a bit more complex. Here, the speaker reflects on the nature of beauty itself. He says that beauty is not something that can be possessed or owned, but rather something that is fleeting and ephemeral. He compares it to a flower that blooms for a short time before withering away. He also says that beauty is not something that can be measured or quantified, but rather something that is felt and experienced.

The final couplet of the sonnet brings everything together. The speaker says that even though his lover's beauty will eventually fade, his love for her will remain strong. He says that his love is not based on her physical beauty, but rather on the beauty of her soul. He says that even when she is old and gray, he will still love her just as much as he does now.

One of the most striking things about this sonnet is its use of imagery. Spenser uses a variety of metaphors and similes to describe his lover's beauty. He compares her to the sun, a flower, and a jewel, among other things. These comparisons help to create a vivid and powerful image of the speaker's beloved.

Another notable aspect of this sonnet is its structure. It follows the traditional Shakespearean sonnet form, with three quatrains and a final couplet. This structure helps to give the poem a sense of balance and symmetry, and it also allows the speaker to explore his theme in a systematic and organized way.

The language of the sonnet is also worth noting. Spenser uses a variety of poetic devices, including alliteration, assonance, and rhyme, to create a musical and lyrical effect. His use of language helps to enhance the emotional impact of the poem, making it more powerful and memorable.

In terms of its themes, Sonnet XXXVI is primarily concerned with the nature of beauty and the passage of time. The speaker reflects on the fleeting nature of physical beauty, but also on the enduring nature of love. He acknowledges that his lover's beauty will eventually fade, but he also says that his love for her will remain strong.

Overall, Sonnet XXXVI is a beautiful and moving piece of poetry that explores some of the most fundamental aspects of the human experience. It is a testament to the enduring power of love and the beauty of the human soul. Whether you are a fan of poetry or simply appreciate great writing, this sonnet is definitely worth reading and reflecting upon.

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