'What Is Love?' by Ernest Dowson


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What is Love?
Is it a folly,
Is it mirth, or melancholy?
Joys above,
Are there many, or not any?
What is Love?

If you please,
A most sweet folly!
Full of mirth and melancholy:
Both of these!
In its sadness worth all gladness,
If you please!


Prithee where,
Goes Love a-hiding?
Is he long in his abiding
Anywhere?
Can you bind him when you find him;
Prithee, where?

With spring days
Love comes and dallies:
Upon the mountains, through the valleys
Lie Love's ways.
Then he leaves you and deceives you
In spring days.

Editor 1 Interpretation

What Is Love? by Ernest Dowson: A Deep Dive into the Poem

Ernest Dowson's poem "What Is Love?" is a classic piece of literature that explores the complex nature of love. Love, as a concept, is one of the most significant and powerful emotions that humans experience. It is something that we all crave, desire, and cherish, but it is also something that can be elusive, painful, and elusive. In this 4000-word literary criticism and interpretation, we will explore the many facets of love that Dowson delves into in his poem. So, let's dive in!

The Poem

Before we delve into the analysis of the poem, let's read it in its entirety:

What is love? Is it a folly,
Is it mirth, or melancholy?
Joys above, are there many,
Or only one in twenty?
What is love?

If you please,
A most sweet folly.
Full of mirth and melancholy.
Both of these.

In its sadness worth all pleasures
For the joys it had, and has not;
In its gladness all the treasures
Of the commonwealth of gladness
It would borrow, if it had not.

What is love?
If you please,
A most sweet folly.
Full of mirth and melancholy.

Both of these.

The Analysis

The poem starts with a series of rhetorical questions that the speaker poses to the reader. These questions ask about the nature of love: Is it a folly, a source of mirth, or melancholy? Are there many joys associated with love, or only a few? These questions are meant to elicit introspection from the reader; they encourage us to think about our own experiences with love and how it has affected us.

The speaker then answers their own questions, stating that love is "a most sweet folly. Full of mirth and melancholy. Both of these." This statement suggests that love is a complex emotion that is both joyful and sad. The speaker then goes on to say that the sadness is worth all the pleasures that love brings. This sentiment is echoed in the line "For the joys it had, and has not." Here, the speaker acknowledges that while love can bring immense joy, it can also bring profound sadness when it is gone.

The speaker also suggests that love is a source of great wealth, stating that in its gladness, it has all the treasures of the commonwealth of gladness. This metaphorical language suggests that love is not just an emotion, but a state of being that can bring great material and emotional wealth to those who experience it.

The poem then ends with a repetition of its opening lines, reinforcing the idea that love is both a sweet folly and a source of mirth and melancholy.

The Interpretation

Dowson's poem "What Is Love?" is a nuanced exploration of the complex nature of love. The poem suggests that love is both joyful and sad, and that the sadness associated with love is worth all the pleasures it brings. The speaker also suggests that love is a source of great wealth, both material and emotional.

The repetition of the opening lines at the end of the poem serves to reinforce the idea that love is both a source of joy and sorrow. This repetition suggests that the experience of love is cyclical, with moments of great joy followed by periods of sadness and loss.

One interpretation of the poem is that it is a commentary on the fleeting nature of love. The line "For the joys it had, and has not" suggests that love is something that is lost, something that cannot be regained once it is gone. This interpretation suggests that love is something that must be appreciated in the moment, as it may not last forever.

Another interpretation of the poem is that it is a celebration of the beauty of love, even in its sadness. The line "In its sadness worth all pleasures" suggests that even when love brings great sadness, it is still worth experiencing. This interpretation suggests that love is something that is worth pursuing, even if it may bring pain and sorrow.

Overall, Dowson's poem "What Is Love?" is a complex exploration of the nature of love. It suggests that love is both joyful and sad, and that the experience of love is something that is worth pursuing, even if it may bring pain and sorrow. The poem encourages us to think about our own experiences with love and to appreciate the beauty of this complex emotion.

Final Thoughts

In conclusion, "What is Love?" by Ernest Dowson is a thought-provoking poem that explores the nature of love in a nuanced and complex way. Through its use of rhetorical questions, metaphorical language, and repetition, the poem encourages us to think about our own experiences with love and to appreciate the beauty of this complex emotion. Whether we interpret the poem as a commentary on the fleeting nature of love or as a celebration of its beauty, it is clear that Dowson's words have stood the test of time and continue to resonate with readers today.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

What Is Love? A Deep Dive into Ernest Dowson's Classic Poem

Ernest Dowson's poem "What Is Love?" is a timeless classic that has been analyzed and interpreted by countless scholars and literary enthusiasts. It is a short but powerful piece that captures the essence of love and its complexities. In this article, we will take a deep dive into the poem and explore its themes, structure, and language.

The poem begins with a simple question: "What is love?" This question has been asked by poets and philosophers for centuries, and Dowson's answer is both profound and elusive. He writes:

"What is love? Is it a folly, Is it mirth, or melancholy? Joys above, are there many, Or doth love like a penny, Waste itself in many a purse?"

In these opening lines, Dowson presents love as a complex and multifaceted emotion. He asks whether it is a folly, suggesting that love may be irrational or foolish. He also asks whether it brings joy or melancholy, hinting at the bittersweet nature of love. The line "Joys above, are there many" suggests that love may bring great happiness, but the following line "Or doth love like a penny, waste itself in many a purse?" implies that love may also be costly and fleeting.

The poem's structure is simple but effective. It consists of four stanzas, each with four lines. The rhyme scheme is ABAB, and the meter is iambic tetrameter. This creates a rhythmic and musical quality to the poem that enhances its emotional impact.

In the second stanza, Dowson continues to explore the complexities of love. He writes:

"Love is not a feeling of the mind, Though oft the mind's first fire; Love is not a fancy kind, That soon is caught and soon is lost."

Here, Dowson suggests that love is not simply a feeling or emotion. It is something deeper and more profound than that. He also dismisses the idea that love is a fleeting fancy, suggesting that it is something that endures.

In the third stanza, Dowson shifts his focus to the physical aspects of love. He writes:

"Love is not a huddle of kisses, A gay garment we put on; Love is not a game of blisses, In which we lose and win anon."

Here, Dowson challenges the idea that love is purely physical or superficial. He suggests that it is not just a "huddle of kisses" or a "gay garment we put on." Instead, he implies that love is something more substantial and meaningful.

Finally, in the fourth stanza, Dowson offers his own definition of love. He writes:

"But love is a noble agony, A grown-up kind of thing; Wereby our souls are led along, The grandest paths of earth or main."

Here, Dowson presents love as a "noble agony," suggesting that it is something that requires sacrifice and effort. He also suggests that love is a transformative experience that can lead us to the "grandest paths of earth or main." This implies that love has the power to change us and lead us to greater heights.

The language of the poem is simple but evocative. Dowson uses metaphors and imagery to convey the complexities of love. For example, he compares love to a "penny" that can be wasted, suggesting that it is something that must be valued and cherished. He also compares love to a "noble agony," which is a powerful and emotive phrase that captures the intensity of the emotion.

In conclusion, Ernest Dowson's poem "What Is Love?" is a powerful and timeless exploration of the complexities of love. Through its simple structure and evocative language, Dowson captures the essence of love and its transformative power. The poem challenges our preconceptions about love and offers a profound and enduring definition of this most elusive of emotions.

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