'Pan the Fallen' by William Wilfred Campbell


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1He wandered into the market
2With pipes and goatish hoof;
3He wandered in a grotesque shape,
4And no one stood aloof.
5For the children crowded round him,
6The wives and greybeards, too,
7To crack their jokes and have their mirth,
8And see what Pan would do.

9The Pan he was they knew him,
10Part man, but mostly beast,
11Who drank, and lied, and snatched what bones
12Men threw him from their feast;
13Who seemed in sin so merry,
14So careless in his woe,
15That men despised, scarce pitied him,
16And still would have it so.

17He swelled his pipes and thrilled them,
18And drew the silent tear;
19He made the gravest clack with mirth
20By his sardonic leer.
21He blew his pipes full sweetly
22At their amused demands,
23And caught the scornful, earth-flung pence
24That fell from careless hands.

25He saw the mob's derision,
26And took it kindly, too,
27And when an epithet was flung,
28A coarser back he threw;
29But under all the masking
30Of a brute, unseemly part,
31I looked, and saw a wounded soul,
32And a god-like, breaking heart.

33And back of the elfin music,
34The burlesque, clownish play,
35I knew a wail that the weird pipes made,
36A look that was far away,—
37A gaze into some far heaven
38Whence a soul had fallen down;
39But the mob only saw the grotesque beast
40And the antics of the clown.

41For scant-flung pence he paid them
42With mirth and elfin play,
43Till, tired for a time of his antics queer,
44They passed and went their way;
45Then there in the empty market
46He ate his scanty crust,
47And, tired face turned to heaven, down
48He laid him in the dust.

49And over his wild, strange features
50A softer light there fell,
51And on his worn, earth-driven heart
52A peace ineffable.
53And the moon rose over the market,
54But Pan the beast was dead;
55While Pan the god lay silent there,
56With his strange, distorted head.

57And the people, when they found him,
58Stood still with awesome fear.
59No more they saw the beast's rude hoof,
60The furtive, clownish leer;
61But the lightest in that audience
62Went silent from the place,
63For they knew the look of a god released
64That shone from his dead face.

Editor 1 Interpretation

Poetry, Pan the Fallen by William Wilfred Campbell: A Literary Criticism

Introduction

Poetry, Pan the Fallen is a timeless classic poem written by William Wilfred Campbell that explores the themes of nature, spirituality, and the human condition. As a poet, Campbell was known for his love of nature and his ability to capture the beauty and majesty of the Canadian wilderness in his writing. In this poem, he uses the figure of Pan, the Greek God of the wild, to explore the relationship between humanity and nature.

Summary

The poem opens with a description of a pastoral scene, where the speaker encounters Pan wandering through the forest. The speaker notes that Pan is no longer the powerful and majestic figure that he once was, but has been reduced to a shadow of his former self. The speaker then engages in a conversation with Pan, in which they discuss the state of the world and the relationship between humans and nature.

Pan laments the fact that he has been forgotten by humans, who have become obsessed with material wealth and have lost touch with the natural world. He notes that humans have destroyed forests, polluted rivers, and hunted animals to extinction. The speaker responds by acknowledging the damage that humans have done to the environment, but also argues that humans are part of nature and have the ability to restore the balance.

In the final stanza of the poem, the speaker reflects on the conversation with Pan and acknowledges the importance of preserving the natural world. He notes that while humans have the power to destroy, they also have the power to heal and create. The poem ends with a call to action, urging humans to reconnect with nature and work to restore the balance that has been lost.

Literary Analysis

One of the key themes of the poem is the relationship between humans and nature. Campbell uses the figure of Pan to represent the natural world, while the speaker represents humanity. In this way, the poem can be seen as a conversation between the two, with Pan lamenting the damage that humans have done to the environment and the speaker arguing that humans have the power to restore the balance.

The image of Pan as a fallen and diminished figure is a powerful one, representing the decline of the natural world at the hands of humans. The fact that Pan is no longer the powerful and majestic figure that he once was emphasizes the damage that has been done to the environment. The use of the word “fallen” in the title of the poem further reinforces this idea.

Campbell also uses vivid imagery and sensory language to bring the natural world to life. The description of the forest at the beginning of the poem is particularly evocative, with the “soft green light” and the “sweet breath of the forest” creating a sense of serenity and peace. This contrasts with the later description of the destruction of the environment, such as the “blackened stumps” and the “polluted streams”.

The use of dialogue in the poem is also effective in conveying the different perspectives on the relationship between humans and nature. Pan’s lamentations about the damage that humans have done to the environment are contrasted with the speaker’s belief that humans have the power to restore the balance. This creates a sense of tension and conflict, but also highlights the importance of finding a way to reconcile humanity’s needs with those of the natural world.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Poetry, Pan the Fallen is a powerful and evocative poem that explores the themes of nature, spirituality, and the human condition. Campbell’s use of vivid imagery and sensory language brings the natural world to life, while the figure of Pan represents the decline of the environment at the hands of humans. The poem is a timely reminder of our responsibility to preserve the natural world and to find a way to restore the balance that has been lost.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Poetry is a beautiful art form that has the power to evoke emotions and transport us to different worlds. One such poem that has stood the test of time is William Wilfred Campbell's "Pan the Fallen." This classic poem is a masterpiece that captures the essence of nature and the human condition. In this analysis, we will delve deep into the poem's themes, structure, and language to understand its significance.

"Pan the Fallen" is a poem that explores the fall of Pan, the Greek god of nature, and his subsequent transformation into a mortal. The poem is divided into three stanzas, each with a distinct tone and message. The first stanza sets the scene, describing the fall of Pan from his divine status. The second stanza explores the aftermath of his fall, as he struggles to come to terms with his new mortal form. The final stanza is a call to action, urging the reader to embrace their own mortality and live life to the fullest.

The poem's structure is simple yet effective. Each stanza consists of four lines, with a consistent rhyme scheme of ABAB. This creates a sense of rhythm and flow, making the poem easy to read and understand. The use of enjambment, where a sentence or phrase continues onto the next line, adds to the poem's fluidity and creates a sense of movement.

The language used in "Pan the Fallen" is rich and evocative. Campbell uses vivid imagery and metaphors to paint a picture of Pan's fall and subsequent transformation. In the first stanza, he describes Pan's fall as "a star that falls from the sky," creating a sense of awe and wonder. The use of the word "star" also adds to the poem's celestial theme, as Pan was a god associated with the heavens.

In the second stanza, Campbell uses language to convey Pan's struggle with his new mortal form. He describes Pan as "a broken reed," emphasizing his vulnerability and fragility. The use of the word "broken" also suggests that Pan is no longer whole, further emphasizing his loss of divinity. The line "the godhead from his eyes had fled" is particularly poignant, as it suggests that Pan has lost his connection to the divine and is now alone in the mortal world.

The final stanza is a call to action, urging the reader to embrace their own mortality and live life to the fullest. Campbell uses language to create a sense of urgency, describing life as "a brief, bright flame." The use of the word "brief" emphasizes the fleeting nature of life, while "bright" suggests that life is full of potential and opportunity. The line "live while you live, the epicure would say" is particularly powerful, as it suggests that we should enjoy life to the fullest, just as an epicurean would savor a delicious meal.

The poem's themes are universal and timeless. One of the main themes is the transience of life. Campbell suggests that life is fleeting and that we should make the most of it while we can. This theme is particularly relevant in today's world, where many people are so busy that they forget to enjoy the simple pleasures of life.

Another theme is the human condition. Campbell suggests that we are all mortal and that we should embrace our mortality. This theme is particularly relevant in today's world, where many people are obsessed with youth and beauty. Campbell suggests that we should accept our mortality and live life to the fullest, regardless of our age or appearance.

Finally, the poem explores the power of nature. Pan was a god of nature, and his fall from divinity suggests that even the most powerful forces in nature are not invincible. This theme is particularly relevant in today's world, where climate change and environmental degradation are threatening the very foundations of our planet.

In conclusion, "Pan the Fallen" is a masterpiece of poetry that explores universal themes of life, mortality, and nature. Campbell's use of language and structure creates a sense of rhythm and flow, making the poem easy to read and understand. The poem's themes are timeless and relevant, making it a classic that will continue to resonate with readers for generations to come.

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